Aguado-Henche Soledad, Escudero María Lorenza, García-Alonso María Cristina, Lozano-Puerto Rosa María, Clemente de Arriba Celia
Department of Surgery-Anatomy and Social Sciences, University of Alcalá (UAH), Ctra. Mad-Barc Km 33,600, Campus Universitario, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain.
Department of Surface Engineering, Corrosion and Durability, National Center for Metallurgical Research (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, CENIM-CSIC), Avda. Gregorio del Amo 8, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Apr 15;15(8):2898. doi: 10.3390/ma15082898.
The discrepancy among the in vivo results found in the literature regarding graphene's side effects led us to conduct an in vivo study with graphene.
In vivo tests involving intraperitoneal inoculation of graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets in rats were carried out to assess potential changes in the blood and organs after 15 and 30 days. Graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets at a concentration of 4 mg per kilogram were suspended in an aqueous solution of 0.9% NaCl at a 1:1 proportion (graphene or graphene oxide), i.e., 1 mg/mL.
Optical microscopy of liver, kidney, spleen, and lung tissues revealed no visible histological changes. However, particle traces were found in the peritoneal cavity. Thirty days after inoculation, blood samples were collected for hematological analysis. The blood analysis showed changes indicating a hepatic inflammatory process. Hematological changes after 30 days consisted of alterations to the red series, including microcytosis or higher mean hemoglobin concentrations. In addition, changes in prothrombin and thromboplastin caused longer coagulation times.
This study contributes to further clarifying the possible toxicity of graphene and its potential biomedical applications.
文献中关于石墨烯副作用的体内研究结果存在差异，这促使我们开展一项关于石墨烯的体内研究。
对大鼠进行涉及腹腔接种石墨烯和氧化石墨烯纳米片的体内试验，以评估15天和30天后血液和器官的潜在变化。将浓度为每千克4毫克的石墨烯和氧化石墨烯纳米片以1:1的比例（石墨烯或氧化石墨烯）悬浮于0.9%氯化钠水溶液中，即1毫克/毫升。
肝脏、肾脏、脾脏和肺组织的光学显微镜检查未发现明显的组织学变化。然而，在腹腔中发现了颗粒痕迹。接种30天后，采集血样进行血液学分析。血液分析显示存在表明肝脏炎症过程的变化。30天后的血液学变化包括红细胞系列改变，如小红细胞症或更高的平均血红蛋白浓度。此外，凝血酶原和凝血活酶的变化导致凝血时间延长。
本研究有助于进一步阐明石墨烯可能的毒性及其潜在的生物医学应用。
