Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 11;23(8):4210. doi: 10.3390/ijms23084210.
Skin is a biological system composed of different types of cells within a firmly structured extracellular matrix and is exposed to various external and internal insults that can break its configuration. The restoration of skin's anatomic continuity and function following injury is a multifaceted, dynamic, well-coordinated process that is highly dependent on signalling pathways, including the canonical Wnt/β catenin pathway, all aimed at restoring the skin's protective barrier. Compromised and inappropriate tissue restoration processes are often the source of wound chronicity. Diabetic patients have a high risk of developing major impediments including wound contamination and limb amputation due to chronic, non-healing wounds. Photobiomodulation (PBM) involves the application of low-powered light at specific wavelengths to influence different biological activities that incite and quicken tissue restoration. PBM has been shown to modulate cellular behaviour through a variety of signal transduction pathways, including the Wnt/β catenin pathway; however, the role of Wnt/β catenin in chronic wound healing in response to PBM has not been fully defined. This review largely focuses on the role of key signalling pathways in human skin wound repair, specifically, the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and the effects of PBM on chronic wound healing.
皮肤是一个由不同类型的细胞组成的生物系统，存在于一个结构坚固的细胞外基质中，并暴露于各种内外伤害因素中，这些伤害因素可能会破坏其结构。皮肤在受伤后恢复解剖连续性和功能是一个多方面的、动态的、高度协调的过程，高度依赖于信号通路，包括经典的 Wnt/β 连环蛋白通路，所有这些通路都旨在恢复皮肤的保护屏障。受损和不适当的组织修复过程往往是伤口慢性化的根源。糖尿病患者由于慢性、不愈合的伤口，面临着伤口污染和截肢等重大障碍的高风险。光生物调节（PBM）涉及在特定波长下应用低功率光来影响不同的生物活性，从而引发和加速组织修复。已经表明，PBM 通过多种信号转导途径，包括 Wnt/β 连环蛋白途径，来调节细胞行为；然而，Wnt/β 连环蛋白在 PBM 对慢性伤口愈合中的作用尚未完全确定。本综述主要关注关键信号通路在人类皮肤伤口修复中的作用，特别是经典的 Wnt/β-catenin 通路，以及 PBM 对慢性伤口愈合的影响。
