Centre de Recherche en Psychopathologie et Psychologie Clinique (CRPPC), Université Lumière-Lyon 2, 69365 Lyon, France.
Center for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 14;19(8):4771. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19084771.
The objective of this systematic review is to make an inventory of the representations of the professionals of specialized institutions on the sexuality of persons with intellectual disabilities. The scientific studies were identified according to the PRISMA protocol using 18 databases, with keywords on sexuality and parenthood. Studies were reviewed through a methodological assessment and then a thematic analysis. Twenty-four studies were reviewed and three themes were identified: professionals' representations of gender, sexuality, and consent; professionals' perceptions of their role in supporting people's sexual lives; and the ways in which professionals construct representations of people's sexual lives. This corpus highlights deep paradoxes in the representations of professionals concerning the socio-affective needs and sexuality of people with intellectual disabilities, creating what we could define as a "system of incompatibility" and leading to difficulties in positioning. Support is still too random and subject to control logics in the name of protecting users, who are perceived as vulnerable. Training and new ways of teamwork appear to be central to supporting the evolution of the representations and practices of professionals. Future research anchored in practices and involving users as well as professionals is necessary to better understand the paradoxical aspects of professionals' representations and to draw alternative ways of constructing these representations.
本次系统综述的目的是对专门机构的专业人员关于智障人士性行为的表述进行梳理。根据 PRISMA 方案，使用了 18 个数据库，使用了与性行为和生育有关的关键词，来确定科学研究。通过方法评估和主题分析对研究进行了回顾。共回顾了 24 项研究，确定了三个主题：专业人员对性别、性行为和同意的表述；专业人员对其在支持人们性生活方面的角色的看法；以及专业人员构建人们性生活表述的方式。该语料库突出了专业人员在智障人士的社会情感需求和性行为方面的表述存在深刻的矛盾，形成了我们可以称之为“不兼容系统”的现象，并导致定位困难。支持仍然过于随意，受制于以保护使用者为名义的控制逻辑，而使用者被视为弱势群体。培训和新的团队合作方式似乎是支持专业人员的表述和实践演变的核心。需要进行以实践为基础并涉及使用者和专业人员的未来研究，以更好地理解专业人员表述的矛盾方面，并制定构建这些表述的替代方法。
