College of Business Administration, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 18;19(8):4925. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19084925.
In sports, there has been a recent and active movement to promote mixed-gender competitions for achieving gender equality in the field. However, the current debate regarding its effects limitedly focuses on balancing the number of opportunities for females and neglects its effect on athlete performance. To address this gap, this study investigated whether and how mixed-gender competitions mitigate gender-specific disadvantages of interim leaders in dynamic tournaments from the perspective of choking under pressure. Using data from 127 international segregated-gender single and mixed-gender pair figure skating competitions organized by the International Staking Union from 1 July 2006 to 30 June 2018, this study showed that female interim leaders in segregated-gender competitions are more likely to make mistakes in task executions under pressure-inducing circumstances than male interim leaders. However, in mixed-gender competitions, all of these gender-specific influences disappear. The findings contribute to the literature on mixed-gender competitions by providing new evidence on the positive impact of them, as well as expanding the literature on the impact of gender on competitive pressure.
在体育领域，最近出现了一场积极的运动，旨在通过混合性别竞赛来实现该领域的性别平等。然而，目前关于其影响的争论仅限于平衡女性的机会数量，而忽略了其对运动员表现的影响。为了解决这一差距，本研究从压力下窒息的角度调查了混合性别竞赛是否以及如何减轻动态锦标赛中临时领导的性别特定劣势。本研究使用了国际滑冰联盟（International Staking Union）从 2006 年 7 月 1 日至 2018 年 6 月 30 日组织的 127 项国际男女单人及混合双人花样滑冰比赛的数据，结果表明，在有压力诱导的情况下，参加男女分组比赛的女性临时领导更有可能在任务执行中犯错，而男性临时领导则不会。然而，在混合性别竞赛中，所有这些性别特定的影响都消失了。本研究的结果通过提供混合性别竞赛的积极影响的新证据，以及扩展关于性别对竞争压力的影响的文献，为混合性别竞赛的文献做出了贡献。
