Ekstrand Jan, Hallén Anna, Gauffin Håkan, Bengtsson Håkan
Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden.
Football Research Group, Linköping, Sweden.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2023 May 5;9(2):e001523. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001523. eCollection 2023.
The primary objective was to study the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of the Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) programme in women's elite teams in Europe in the 2020-21 season. The secondary objective was to compare hamstring injury rates between teams that used the NHE programme regularly in team training and teams that did not.
Eleven teams participating in the Women's Elite Club Injury Study during the 2020-21 season provided data about injury rates and the implementation of the NHE programme.
One team (9%) used the full original NHE programme, and four teams used the programme in the team training during parts of the season (team training group, n=5). Five teams did not use the NHE, or used it only sporadically for individual players, and one team used NHE only for players with a previous or current hamstring injury (no team training group, n=6). The team training group had a lower incidence of hamstring injuries during match-play (1.4 vs 4.0, p=0.028) than the non-team training group while no difference between groups was shown for the hamstring injury incidence in training (0.6 vs 0.7, p=0.502).
A low adoption of the NHE programme was reported during the 2020-21 season. However, teams that used NHE for the whole team or most players had a lower hamstring injury incidence at match-play than teams that did not use the NHE or used it for individual players only.
主要目的是研究2020 - 21赛季欧洲女子精英球队中北欧腘绳肌练习（NHE）计划的推广范围、有效性、采用情况、实施情况和维持情况。次要目的是比较在团队训练中定期使用NHE计划的球队与未使用该计划的球队之间的腘绳肌损伤率。
11支参加2020 - 21赛季女子精英俱乐部损伤研究的球队提供了有关损伤率和NHE计划实施情况的数据。
一支球队（9%）使用了完整的原始NHE计划，四支球队在赛季部分时间的团队训练中使用了该计划（团队训练组，n = 5）。五支球队未使用NHE，或仅偶尔对个别球员使用，一支球队仅对有既往或当前腘绳肌损伤的球员使用NHE（无团队训练组，n = 6）。团队训练组在比赛中腘绳肌损伤的发生率低于非团队训练组（1.4对4.0，p = 0.028），而在训练中腘绳肌损伤发生率在两组之间无差异（0.6对0.7，p = 0.502）。
据报道，2020 - 21赛季NHE计划的采用率较低。然而，对全队或大多数球员使用NHE的球队在比赛中腘绳肌损伤发生率低于未使用NHE或仅对个别球员使用NHE的球队。
