Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia.
Sarawak State Health Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuching 93050, Malaysia.
Nutrients. 2022 Apr 11;14(8):1585. doi: 10.3390/nu14081585.
A universal salt iodization (USI) was introduced in Sarawak, Malaysia in 2008 to control the iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) among its population. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the USI among school children in Sarawak after 10 years of implementation. The data were extracted from 2008 and 2018 Sarawak state-wide IDD surveys. Briefly, both surveys were cross-sectional surveys covering information on the socio-demographic, status of goitre, urinary iodine, and the amount of iodine in the salt samples. A total of 1104 and 988 between the ages of 8 and 10 were involved in the 2008 and 2018 surveys, respectively. The overall prevalence of goitre among the school children in Sarawak was significantly lower in 2018 (0.1%) compared to 2008 (2.9%). The median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in urine samples had risen significantly from 102.1 µg/L in 2008 to 126.0 µg/L in 2018. In terms of iodine content in salt samples, the median concentration improved significantly in 2018 (35.5 µg/L) compared to 2008 (14.7 µg/L). After 10 years of USI implementation in Sarawak, the results from both surveys confirmed the effectiveness of mandatory USI in increasing the nutritional iodine status of school children in Sarawak.
2008 年，马来西亚沙捞越引入了全民食盐碘化（USI），以控制其民众的碘缺乏症（IDD）。本研究旨在评估 USI 实施 10 年后对沙捞越在校儿童的影响。数据取自 2008 年和 2018 年沙捞越全州 IDD 调查。简而言之，这两项调查都是横断面调查，涵盖了社会人口统计学、甲状腺肿状况、尿碘和盐样中碘含量的信息。2008 年和 2018 年分别有 1104 名和 988 名 8 至 10 岁的儿童参与了这两项调查。2018 年沙捞越在校儿童甲状腺肿的总体患病率明显低于 2008 年（0.1%）。尿样中尿碘中位数（UIC）从 2008 年的 102.1μg/L 显著升高到 2018 年的 126.0μg/L。就盐样中的碘含量而言，2018 年的中位数浓度（35.5μg/L）明显高于 2008 年（14.7μg/L）。在沙捞越实施 USI 10 年后，这两项调查的结果都证实了强制性 USI 在提高沙捞越在校儿童营养碘状况方面的有效性。
