Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Nutrients. 2022 Apr 15;14(8):1654. doi: 10.3390/nu14081654.
Elevated serum cholesterol is a major risk factor for coronary heart diseases. Some strains with cholesterol-lowering potential have been isolated from artisanal food products. The purpose of this study was to isolate probiotic strains from traditional yoghurt (dahi) and yogurt milk (lassi) and investigate the impact of these strains on the blood lipid profile and anti-obesity effect in a high cholesterol high fat diet model in Wistar rats. Eight candidate probiotic strains were chosen based on in vitro probiotic features and cholesterol reduction ability. By 16S rDNA sequencing, these strains were identified as FM6, FM16, FM12, FM9, Y55, Y57, L. Y59, and Y63. The safety of these strains was investigated by feeding 2 × 10 CFU/mL in saline water for 28 days in a Wistar rat model. No bacterial translocation or any other adverse effects were observed in animals after administration of strains in water, which indicates the safety of strains. The cholesterol-lowering profile of these probiotics was evaluated in male Wistar rats using a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFCD) model. For 30 days, animals were fed probiotic strains in water with 2 × 10 CFU/mL/rat/day, in addition to a high fat, high cholesterol diet. The cholesterol-lowering effects of various probiotic strains were compared to those of statin. All strains showed improvement in total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, and weight gain. Serum cholesterol levels were reduced by 9% and 8% for FM9 and Y57, respectively, compared to 5% for the statin-treated group. HDL levels significantly improved by 46 and 44% for FM9 and Y57, respectively, compared to 46% for the statin-treated group. Compared to the statin-treated group, FM9 and Y57 significantly reduced LDL levels by almost twofold. These findings show that these strains can improve blood lipid profiles as effectively as statins in male Wistar rats. Furthermore, probiotic-fed groups helped weight control in animals on HFCD, indicating the possible anti-obesity potential of these strains. These strains can be used to develop food products and supplements to treat ischemic heart diseases and weight management. Clinical trials, however, are required to validate these findings.
血清胆固醇升高是冠心病的主要危险因素。一些具有降胆固醇潜力的菌株已从传统的食品产品中分离出来。本研究的目的是从传统酸奶（dahi）和酸奶牛奶（lassi）中分离益生菌菌株，并研究这些菌株在高胆固醇高脂肪饮食模型中对 Wistar 大鼠血脂谱和抗肥胖的影响。根据体外益生菌特性和胆固醇降低能力，选择了 8 株候选益生菌菌株。通过 16S rDNA 测序，这些菌株被鉴定为 FM6、FM16、FM12、FM9、Y55、Y57、L. Y59 和 Y63。通过给 Wistar 大鼠模型灌胃 2×10 CFU/mL 的生理盐水，研究了这些菌株的安全性。在给动物灌胃这些菌株 30 天后，未观察到任何细菌易位或其他不良反应，这表明菌株是安全的。在高脂肪、高胆固醇饮食（HFCD）模型中，用雄性 Wistar 大鼠评估了这些益生菌的降胆固醇特性。30 天内，动物每天通过饮水摄入 2×10 CFU/mL/大鼠的益生菌菌株，同时给予高脂肪、高胆固醇饮食。比较了各种益生菌菌株的降胆固醇作用与他汀类药物的作用。所有菌株均能改善总胆固醇、LDL、HDL、甘油三酯和体重增加。与他汀类药物治疗组相比，FM9 和 Y57 分别使血清胆固醇水平降低了 9%和 8%，而他汀类药物治疗组降低了 5%。与他汀类药物治疗组相比，FM9 和 Y57 分别使 HDL 水平显著提高了 46%和 44%。与他汀类药物治疗组相比，FM9 和 Y57 使 LDL 水平降低了近两倍。这些发现表明，与他汀类药物治疗组相比，这些菌株在雄性 Wistar 大鼠中同样能有效改善血脂谱。此外，益生菌喂养组有助于控制 HFCD 动物的体重，表明这些菌株可能具有抗肥胖的潜力。这些菌株可用于开发食品产品和补充剂，以治疗缺血性心脏病和体重管理。然而，需要临床试验来验证这些发现。
