津巴布韦食虫蝙蝠群中冠状病毒的传播和多样性的纵向调查。
Longitudinal Survey of Coronavirus Circulation and Diversity in Insectivorous Bat Colonies in Zimbabwe.
机构信息
Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Zimbabwe, Harare P.O. Box MP 167, Zimbabwe.
ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, University of Montpellier, 34980 Montpellier, France.
出版信息
Viruses. 2022 Apr 9;14(4):781. doi: 10.3390/v14040781.
BACKGROUND
Studies have linked bats to outbreaks of viral diseases in human populations such as SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV and the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
METHODS
We carried out a longitudinal survey from August 2020 to July 2021 at two sites in Zimbabwe with bat-human interactions: Magweto cave and Chirundu farm. A total of 1732 and 1866 individual bat fecal samples were collected, respectively. Coronaviruses and bat species were amplified using PCR systems.
RESULTS
Analysis of the coronavirus sequences revealed a high genetic diversity, and we identified different sub-viral groups in the and genus. The established sub-viral groups fell within the described sub-genera: , , , and and for sub-genera: , and . Our results showed an overall proportion for CoV positive PCR tests of 23.7% at Chirundu site and 16.5% and 38.9% at Magweto site for insectivorous bats and , respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The higher risk of bat coronavirus exposure for humans was found in December to March in relation to higher viral shedding peaks of coronaviruses in the parturition, lactation and weaning months of the bat populations at both sites. We also highlight the need to further document viral infectious risk in human/domestic animal populations surrounding bat habitats in Zimbabwe.
背景
研究表明，蝙蝠与人类群体中病毒疾病的爆发有关，如 SARS-CoV-1 和 MERS-CoV，以及当前的 SARS-CoV-2 大流行。
方法
我们在津巴布韦的两个有蝙蝠与人互动的地点（Magweto 洞穴和 Chirundu 农场）进行了一项从 2020 年 8 月至 2021 年 7 月的纵向调查。分别收集了 1732 份和 1866 份个体蝙蝠粪便样本。使用 PCR 系统扩增冠状病毒和蝙蝠物种。
结果
冠状病毒序列分析显示出高度的遗传多样性，我们在 和 属中鉴定出不同的亚病毒群。已建立的亚病毒群属于描述的 亚属： 、 、 、 和 ；以及 亚属： 、 和 。我们的结果显示，Chirundu 地点的 CoV 阳性 PCR 检测总体比例为 23.7%，而 Magweto 地点的食虫蝙蝠和 分别为 16.5%和 38.9%。
结论
在 Chirundu 地点，我们发现人类接触蝙蝠冠状病毒的风险在 12 月至 3 月之间更高，这与蝙蝠种群在分娩、哺乳期和断奶期的冠状病毒更高的病毒脱落高峰有关。我们还强调需要进一步记录津巴布韦蝙蝠栖息地周围人类/家畜群体的病毒感染风险。
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