Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăştur no. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Molecules. 2022 Apr 17;27(8):2585. doi: 10.3390/molecules27082585.
Although conventional medicine, chemical drug synthesis and pharmaceutical research are advancing at a rapid pace, nature remains a major supplier of biological molecules. Natural bioactive compounds are studied closely especially as an alternative to the limitations of conventional therapy in many diseases, melanoma being one of them. Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive type of cancer, and the current methods of treatment used are cryotherapy, external surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, biological therapy, and targeted drug therapy. Unfortunately, these treatment methods are often inefficient, extremely expensive and cause many side effects, which is why focusing on melanoma chemoprevention and adjuvant therapy with natural herbal phytoconstituents is an emerging strategy to prevent, cure or treat melanoma. This review aims to examine the latest discoveries in terms of potential natural bioactive compounds that possess important activity against the development and spread of murine melanoma cancer. In particular, the use of different phytochemicals such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, terpenoids, essential oils and carotenoids in vitro and in vivo models will be discussed. These data are helpful in guiding researchers in the direction of studying phytonutrients with important effects in the prevention and treatment of melanoma.
尽管传统医学、化学药物合成和药物研究正在迅速发展，但大自然仍然是生物分子的主要来源。天然生物活性化合物是密切研究的对象，特别是作为许多疾病中传统治疗方法的局限性的替代品，黑色素瘤就是其中之一。恶性黑色素瘤是一种高度侵袭性的癌症，目前使用的治疗方法有冷冻疗法、外部手术、放射疗法、化学疗法、光动力疗法、生物疗法和靶向药物疗法。不幸的是，这些治疗方法往往效率低下、极其昂贵且会引起许多副作用，这就是为什么关注黑色素瘤的化学预防和用天然草药植物成分进行辅助治疗是预防、治疗或治疗黑色素瘤的一种新兴策略。本文旨在研究具有重要抗鼠黑色素瘤发生和扩散活性的潜在天然生物活性化合物的最新发现。特别是将讨论不同的植物化学物质，如酚酸、类黄酮、花青素、萜类化合物、精油和类胡萝卜素，在体外和体内模型中的应用。这些数据有助于指导研究人员研究具有重要预防和治疗黑色素瘤作用的植物营养素。
