Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Apr 14;22(8):3006. doi: 10.3390/s22083006.
Real-time biomechanical feedback (BMF) is a relatively new area of research. The potential of using advanced technology to improve motion skills in sport and accelerate physical rehabilitation has been demonstrated in a number of studies. This paper provides a literature review of BMF systems in sports and rehabilitation. Our motivation was to examine the history of the field to capture its evolution over time, particularly how technologies are used and implemented in BMF systems, and to identify the most recent studies showing novel solutions and remarkable implementations. We searched for papers in three research databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The initial search yielded 1167 unique papers. After a rigorous and challenging exclusion process, 144 papers were eventually included in this report. We focused on papers describing applications and systems that implement a complete real-time feedback loop, which must include the use of sensors, real-time processing, and concurrent feedback. A number of research questions were raised, and the papers were studied and evaluated accordingly. We identified different types of physical activities, sensors, modalities, actuators, communications, settings and end users. A subset of the included papers, showing the most perspectives, was reviewed in depth to highlight and present their innovative research approaches and techniques. Real-time BMF has great potential in many areas. In recent years, sensors have been the main focus of these studies, but new types of processing devices, methods, and algorithms, actuators, and communication technologies and protocols will be explored in more depth in the future. This paper presents a broad insight into the field of BMF.
实时生物力学反馈（BMF）是一个相对较新的研究领域。在许多研究中，已经证明了利用先进技术来提高运动技能和加速身体康复的潜力。本文对运动和康复中的 BMF 系统进行了文献综述。我们的动机是考察该领域的历史，以捕捉其随时间的演变，特别是研究技术如何在 BMF 系统中使用和实施，并确定最近展示新颖解决方案和显著实施的研究。我们在三个研究数据库中搜索了论文：Scopus、Web of Science 和 PubMed。最初的搜索产生了 1167 篇独特的论文。经过严格而具有挑战性的排除过程，最终有 144 篇论文被纳入本报告。我们专注于描述应用程序和系统的论文，这些应用程序和系统实现了完整的实时反馈循环，其中必须包括传感器的使用、实时处理和并发反馈。提出了一些研究问题，并对这些论文进行了研究和评估。我们确定了不同类型的体育活动、传感器、模态、执行器、通信、设置和最终用户。对包含的论文子集进行了深入审查，以突出和展示其创新的研究方法和技术。实时 BMF 在许多领域都有很大的潜力。近年来，传感器一直是这些研究的主要焦点，但未来将更深入地探索新型处理设备、方法和算法、执行器以及通信技术和协议。本文对 BMF 领域进行了广泛的洞察。
