Department of Educational Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Department of Psychology, College of Arts, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
BMC Psychol. 2022 Apr 22;10(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s40359-022-00815-7.
The present study aimed to evaluate the self-regulatory properties of anger on the performance of individuals under various motivational dispositions using an experimental design.
The participants were 99 university students who participated in response to extra credit. The performance of the participants was evaluated using the Tower of Hanoi task. Their anger was measured using a facial expression recognition system and arousal was assessed using a heart-rate monitoring device. Two motivational dispositions were assessed: performance goals with normative evaluative standards and performance goals with a focus on outcomes.
The results indicated that a nonlinear function explained the relationship between anger, arousal, and achievement under different goal conditions. Specifically, the Cusp Catastrophe Model showed that anger levels beyond a critical point were associated with the unpredictability of performance during the normative goal condition, suggesting that anger disturbed the relationship between arousal and achievement. Interestingly, a linear model was relevant for explaining the same relationships during the outcome goal condition.
Thus, this study concluded that anger plays a more salient role when coupled with the pressures arising from employing interpersonal evaluative standards.
本研究旨在采用实验设计，评估愤怒情绪在不同动机倾向下对个体表现的自我调节特性。
99 名大学生参与了本次研究，作为额外奖励。参与者使用汉诺塔任务来评估其表现。通过面部表情识别系统测量他们的愤怒，使用心率监测设备评估他们的唤醒水平。评估了两种动机倾向：具有规范性评价标准的绩效目标和关注结果的绩效目标。
结果表明，愤怒、唤醒和成就之间的关系可以用一个非线性函数来解释，在不同的目标条件下。具体来说，尖点突变模型表明，在规范性目标条件下，愤怒水平超过临界点与表现的不可预测性有关，这表明愤怒扰乱了唤醒和成就之间的关系。有趣的是，线性模型对于解释在结果目标条件下的相同关系是相关的。
因此，本研究得出结论，当愤怒与人际评价标准带来的压力结合在一起时，它会发挥更显著的作用。
