医学教育工作者关于医学上无法解释的症状和跨文化交流的经验——一项专家焦点小组研究
Medical educators' experiences on medically unexplained symptoms and intercultural communication-an expert focus group study.
作者信息
Sallay Viola, Martos Tamás, Lucza Lilla, Weiland Anne, Stegers-Jager Karen M, Vermeir Peter, Mariman An Noelle Margareta, Csabai Márta
机构信息
Institute of Psychology, University of Szeged, Egyetem u. 2, 6722, Szeged, Hungary.
Doctoral School of Education, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2022 Apr 23;22(1):310. doi: 10.1186/s12909-022-03275-0.
BACKGROUND
Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are highly prevalent and remain challenging in healthcare and medical education, along with the increase in the importance of intercultural issues regarding MUS. However, less is known about the challenges of professionally addressing patients with MUS in the interprofessional and intercultural contexts. Thus, the present study aims to provide the first exploration of the experiences of medical specialists regarding treating MUS in intercultural contexts and inputs for training development on the intercultural aspects of MUS.
METHODS
Three focus groups (total n = 13) consisting of medical specialists from a Hungarian university who were teaching at the medical faculty in intercultural settings and also worked for the university health services were interviewed. The topics covered the participants' personal experiences on addressing MUS and the challenges of intercultural communication and the intercultural educational context. Thematic analysis was used to yield a qualitative account of the interviews as guided by the research questions.
RESULTS
Representing the different aspects of medical specialists, the study identified three main themes in the experiences of medical specialists, namely, 1) the need to adapt to the personal world of patients and search for common frames to understand MUS, 2) the need to discover methods for adapting to cultural differences and 3) the need to enhance the interprofessional coordination of knowledge and practices.
CONCLUSIONS
The results are in line with the distinct conclusions of previous studies. Moreover, an integrated educational program on the intercultural aspects of MUS may address the main themes separately and, subsequently, support their integration. Therefore, the study discusses the manner in which an integrated educational program on the intercultural aspects of MUS may address the needs recognized in these aspects.
背景
医学上无法解释的症状（MUS）非常普遍，在医疗保健和医学教育中仍然具有挑战性，同时与MUS相关的跨文化问题的重要性也在增加。然而，在跨专业和跨文化背景下专业处理患有MUS的患者所面临的挑战却鲜为人知。因此，本研究旨在首次探索医学专家在跨文化背景下治疗MUS的经验以及为MUS跨文化方面的培训发展提供意见。
方法
对来自匈牙利一所大学的医学专家进行了三个焦点小组访谈（总共n = 13），这些专家在跨文化环境中在医学院授课，同时也为大学健康服务部门工作。主题涵盖了参与者处理MUS的个人经验以及跨文化交流和跨文化教育背景的挑战。在研究问题的指导下，采用主题分析对访谈进行定性描述。
结果
该研究代表医学专家的不同方面，在医学专家的经验中确定了三个主要主题，即1）需要适应患者的个人世界并寻找理解MUS的共同框架，2）需要发现适应文化差异的方法，以及3）需要加强知识和实践的跨专业协调。
结论
结果与先前研究的不同结论一致。此外，关于MUS跨文化方面的综合教育计划可以分别处理这些主要主题，并随后支持它们的整合。因此，本研究讨论了关于MUS跨文化方面的综合教育计划可以满足这些方面所认识到的需求的方式。
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