Hu Yang, Li Zixuan, Sun Yan
Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2022 Sep;621:341-351. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.086. Epub 2022 Apr 18.
Enzymes that can convert chemical energy into mechanical force through biocatalysis have been used as engines for artificial micro/nanomotors. However, most nanomotors are powered by only one engine and have a microscale size range, which greatly limits their application scenarios. Herein, an ultrasmall enzyme/light-powered nanomotor (71.1 ± 8.2 nm) is prepared by directly coupling ultrasmall histidine-modified FeO nanoparticles (UHFeO NPs, 2.71 ± 0.54 nm) with cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) for cholesterol detection. The chemical engine, ChOx, catalyzes the oxidation of cholesterol to actuate UHFeO@ChOx and produce HO. Meanwhile, UHFeO NPs that possess peroxidase-mimicking property and photothermal effect act as a nanozyme to catalyze the subsequent chromogenic reaction between HO and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine for cholesterol detection and simultaneously serve as a photothermal engine power by near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. The nanomotor behavior of UHFeO@ChOx results in an enhancement (55%) of ChOx catalytic efficiency. Moreover, due to the outstanding peroxidase-mimicking activity and cascade reaction, UHFeO@ChOx works as a cholesterol sensor with improved sensitivity and shortened analysis time; as low as 0.178 μM of cholesterol is detected with a linear response range of 2 to 100 μM. Taken together, the new conceptual synthetic strategy of enzymatic hybrid nanomotor is proven promising for sensing and biocatalytic applications.
能够通过生物催化将化学能转化为机械力的酶已被用作人造微纳马达的发动机。然而，大多数纳米马达仅由一个发动机提供动力，且尺寸范围在微米级，这极大地限制了它们的应用场景。在此，通过将超小的组氨酸修饰的FeO纳米颗粒（UHFeO NPs，2.71±0.54纳米）与胆固醇氧化酶（ChOx）直接偶联，制备了一种超小型酶/光驱动纳米马达（71.1±8.2纳米）用于胆固醇检测。化学发动机ChOx催化胆固醇氧化，驱动UHFeO@ChOx并产生HO。同时，具有过氧化物酶模拟特性和光热效应的UHFeO NPs作为纳米酶，催化HO与3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺之间的后续显色反应以检测胆固醇，同时作为光热发动机通过近红外（NIR）照射提供动力。UHFeO@ChOx的纳米马达行为使ChOx催化效率提高了55%。此外，由于出色的过氧化物酶模拟活性和级联反应，UHFeO@ChOx作为胆固醇传感器具有更高的灵敏度和更短的分析时间；检测到低至0.178μM的胆固醇，线性响应范围为2至100μM。综上所述，酶杂化纳米马达的新概念合成策略在传感和生物催化应用方面被证明具有前景。
