中国基层医疗呼吸系统疾病防治现状：一项横断面研究。
Current status of prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in primary care in China: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xishan People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, China.
出版信息
BMC Pulm Med. 2022 Apr 24;22(1):156. doi: 10.1186/s12890-022-01956-6.
BACKGROUND
China launched its new round of health care reform to develop primary care in 2009, establishing 954,390 primary care institutions that employed over 10 million staff by 2019. However, some studies have shown that the prevention and management of respiratory diseases is inadequate in these institutions.
METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of grassroots institutions throughout China between September and December 2020 based on the standardized Prevention and Treatment System and Capacity Building Project of Respiratory Diseases in primary care settings. The operation of the respiratory department in primary health care institutions was evaluated in terms of facilities, drugs, personnel and management of chronic diseases by means of questionnaires. Descriptive analyses were performed to calculate percentages and frequencies of key parameters.
RESULTS
A total of 144 primary health care institutions were surveyed, including 51 in the east, 82 in the west, 9 in the central and 2 in the northeast. Approximately 60% of institutions had spirometers and pulse oximeters. The majority had short-acting bronchodilators, theophylline, systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, and traditional Chinese medicine. More than half had at least one respiratory physician and operator for spirometry. Half of the institutions carried out screening of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease within the jurisdiction. The institutions in the east were superior to those in the west regarding the equipment, common drugs, medical staff, and management of respiratory diseases.
CONCLUSIONS
The study reveals that the overall operation of the respiratory department in primary care settings needs to be further strengthened. It is crucial to provide adequate essential equipment, medical professionals, and medicines for proper diagnosis and treatment of chronic respiratory diseases, as well as improving the management of diseases.
背景
中国于 2009 年启动新一轮医改，发展基层医疗，截至 2019 年共建立了 954390 个基层医疗机构，拥有超过 1000 万名员工。然而，一些研究表明，这些机构在呼吸疾病的预防和管理方面还存在不足。
方法
我们于 2020 年 9 月至 12 月期间，基于基层医疗机构呼吸疾病防治体系与能力建设项目，对全国基层机构进行了横断面调查。通过问卷形式，从设施、药物、人员和慢性病管理等方面评估基层医疗机构呼吸科的运行情况。采用描述性分析计算关键参数的百分比和频率。
结果
共调查了 144 家基层医疗机构，其中东部 51 家，西部 82 家，中部 9 家，东北 2 家。约 60%的机构配备了肺功能仪和脉搏血氧仪。大多数机构备有短效支气管扩张剂、茶碱、全身皮质类固醇、抗生素和中药。超过一半的机构至少有一名呼吸医师和肺功能仪操作员。一半的机构在辖区内开展了慢性阻塞性肺疾病的筛查。东部机构在设备、常用药物、医务人员和呼吸疾病管理方面均优于西部机构。
结论
研究表明，基层医疗机构呼吸科的整体运行有待进一步加强。为了对慢性呼吸道疾病进行正确的诊断和治疗，并改善疾病管理，提供充足的基本设备、医疗专业人员和药物至关重要。
Zotero 插件