Gao Xiao-Yan, Liu Guan-Cheng, Zhang Jian-Xiu, Wang Ling-He, Xu Chang, Yan Zi-An, Wang Ao, Su Yi-Fei, Lee Jung-Joon, Piao Guang-Chun, Yuan Hai-Dan
College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China.
College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Jilin, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Apr 6;13:754191. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.754191. eCollection 2022.
Ginsenoside Re is a protopanaxatriol-type saponin extracted from the berry, leaf, stem, flower bud, and root of . In recent years, ginsenoside Re (Re) has been attracting attention as a dietary phytochemical. In this review, studies on Re were compiled by searching a combination of keywords, namely "pharmacology," "pharmacokinetics," and "toxicology," in the Google Scholar, NCBI, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The aim of this review was to provide an exhaustive overview of the pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of Re, focusing on clinical evidence that has shown effectiveness in specific diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, nervous system diseases, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Re is also known to eliminate virus, enhance the immune response, improve osteoporosis, improve skin barrier function, enhance intracellular anti-oxidant actions, regulate cholesterol metabolism, alleviate allergic responses, increase sperm motility, reduce erectile dysfunction, promote cyclic growth of hair follicles, and reduce gastrointestinal motility dysfunction. Furthermore, this review provides data on pharmacokinetic parameters and toxicological factors to examine the safety profile of Re. Such data will provide a theoretical basis and reference for Re-related studies and future applications.
人参皂苷Re是从[植物名称]的浆果、叶、茎、花芽和根中提取的原人参三醇型皂苷。近年来，人参皂苷Re（Re）作为一种膳食植物化学物质受到关注。在本综述中，通过在谷歌学术、NCBI、PubMed和科学网数据库中搜索“药理学”、“药代动力学”和“毒理学”等关键词组合，汇编了关于Re的研究。本综述的目的是全面概述Re的药理活性、药代动力学和毒性，重点关注在糖尿病、神经系统疾病、炎症、心血管疾病和癌症等特定疾病中已显示出有效性的临床证据。Re还已知具有消除病毒、增强免疫反应、改善骨质疏松症、改善皮肤屏障功能、增强细胞内抗氧化作用、调节胆固醇代谢、减轻过敏反应、增加精子活力、减少勃起功能障碍、促进毛囊周期性生长以及减少胃肠动力功能障碍等作用。此外，本综述提供了药代动力学参数和毒理学因素的数据，以研究Re的安全性概况。这些数据将为Re相关研究和未来应用提供理论依据和参考。
