School of Transportation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
Jiangxi Traffic Monitoring Command Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China.
Comput Intell Neurosci. 2022 Apr 15;2022:3160449. doi: 10.1155/2022/3160449. eCollection 2022.
The evaluation of take-over performance and take-over safety performance is critical to improving the take-over performance of conditionally automated driving, and few studies have attempted to evaluate take-over safety performance. This study applied a binary logistic model to construct a take-over safety performance evaluation model. A take-over driving simulator was established, and a take-over simulation experiment was carried out. In the experiment, data were collected from 15 participants who took over the vehicle and performed emergency evasive maneuvers while performing non-driving-related task (NDRT). Then, to calibrate the abnormal trajectory, the Kalman filter is adopted to filter the disturbed vehicle positioning data and the belief rule-based (BRB) method is proposed to warn irregular driving behavior. The results revealed that the accident rate of male participants is higher than that of female participants in the three frequency take-over experiment, and the overall driving performance of female participants is higher than that of male participants. Meanwhile, medium and high take-over frequencies have a significant effect on the prevention of vehicle collisions. In the take-over safety performance evaluation model, the minimum time to collision (TTC) of 2.3 s is taken as the boundary between the dangerous group and the safety group, and the model prediction accuracy rate is 87.7%. In sum, this study enriches existing research on the safety performance evaluation of conditionally automated driving take-over and provides important implications for the design of driving simulators and the performance and safety evaluation of human-machine take-over.
接管性能和接管安全性能的评估对于提高有条件自动化驾驶的接管性能至关重要，但很少有研究尝试评估接管安全性能。本研究应用二项逻辑回归模型构建了接管安全性能评估模型。建立了接管驾驶模拟器，并进行了接管模拟实验。在实验中，从 15 名参与者中收集了数据，这些参与者在执行非驾驶相关任务（NDRT）时接管了车辆并进行了紧急避撞操作。然后，为了校准异常轨迹，采用卡尔曼滤波器过滤受干扰的车辆定位数据，并提出基于置信规则的（BRB）方法来警告不规则的驾驶行为。结果表明，在三种接管频率实验中，男性参与者的事故率高于女性参与者，女性参与者的整体驾驶性能高于男性参与者。同时，中高接管频率对防止车辆碰撞有显著影响。在接管安全性能评估模型中，将最小碰撞时间（TTC）2.3s 作为危险组和安全组的边界，模型预测准确率为 87.7%。总之，本研究丰富了有条件自动化驾驶接管安全性能评估的现有研究，并为驾驶模拟器的设计以及人机接管的性能和安全评估提供了重要启示。
