Caputo M, Bona E, Leone I, Samà M T, Nuzzo A, Ferrero A, Aimaretti G, Marzullo P, Prodam F
Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy.
J Tradit Complement Med. 2020 Mar 24;10(3):252-259. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.03.005. eCollection 2020 May.
Inositol and its derivates are catching interest in metabolism since taking part in several physiological processes, including endocrine modulation. Through several mechanisms mostly mediated by insulin signaling, these compounds regulate the activities of several hormones and are essential in oocytes maturation. It is interesting to point out the contribution of an inositol deficiency in the development of several diseases, mainly in the metabolic and endocrine setting. Inositols derive from both diet and endogenous production; among causes of inositol deficiency reduced dietary intake, increased catabolism and/or excretion, decreased biosynthesis, inhibition of gut and cellular uptake and altered microbiota could be considered. Mounting direct and indirect evidence suggests that the two main isoforms (Myo-inositol-inositol, D-chiro-inositol) are implied in glycemic and lipidic metabolism and supplementation yield a beneficial effect on these parameters without hazards for health. Moreover, they have a role in polycystic ovary syndrome, acting as insulin-sensitizing agents and free radical scavengers, helping to regulate metabolism and promoting ovulation. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the role of inositols in metabolic function disorders paying attention to whether these compounds could be efficacious and safe as a therapeutic agent with a focus on dietary intake and the role of gut microbiota.
肌醇及其衍生物因参与包括内分泌调节在内的多种生理过程而在代谢领域备受关注。通过主要由胰岛素信号介导的多种机制，这些化合物调节多种激素的活性，并且在卵母细胞成熟过程中至关重要。值得指出的是，肌醇缺乏在多种疾病的发生发展中起作用，主要是在代谢和内分泌方面。肌醇既来源于饮食，也可内源性产生；在肌醇缺乏的原因中，可考虑饮食摄入减少、分解代谢和/或排泄增加、生物合成减少、肠道和细胞摄取受到抑制以及微生物群改变等因素。越来越多的直接和间接证据表明，两种主要异构体（肌醇 - 肌醇、D - 手性肌醇）参与血糖和脂质代谢，补充这些异构体对这些参数产生有益影响且对健康无危害。此外，它们在多囊卵巢综合征中发挥作用，作为胰岛素增敏剂和自由基清除剂，有助于调节代谢并促进排卵。本叙述性综述的目的是讨论肌醇在代谢功能障碍中的作用，关注这些化合物作为治疗剂是否有效且安全，重点在于饮食摄入和肠道微生物群的作用。
