Somagutta Manoj R, Uday Utkarsha, Bathula Narayana R, Pendyala Siva, Mahadevaiah Ashwini, Jain Molly S, Mahmutaj Greta, Gad Mohamed, Jean Baptiste Jennifer
Department of Medicine and Research, Avalon University School of Medicine, Willemstad, CUW.
Department of Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Mar 19;14(3):e23329. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23329. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Frailty is a complex age-related clinical condition with increased vulnerability to negative health outcomes that manifest as a multidimensional syndrome and hence, a challenge to identify at-risk populations. We aim to summarize the implementation of strategies to diagnose fragility in family practice using current evidence. We searched the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for relevant articles, using the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms "Frailty," "Frailty Scales," and "Primary Health Care." All original research articles on the elderly population (65 years of age or older) published in English and the last five years were included. Frailty diagnosis has resulted in positive outcomes in the overall literature. Recent hospital admission may indicate a health problem that can end up in a negative outcome and has been often described as associated with frailty. It was also shown to affect the intensive care units' mortality, in-hospital mortality, and long-term mortality. However, multiple screening instruments have been developed and validated to improve feasibility in clinical practice. The frequent lack of agreement between frailty instruments has slowed the broad implementation of these tools. The impacts of frailty warrant an upstream, proactive, holistic, interprofessional primary care approach to its identification, assessment, and management. It is a preventable disorder; identifying elderly patients at risk in primary care can help shape appropriate care processes tailored to their needs. This literature review aims to demonstrate the importance and strategies in identifying frailty in primary care settings and assess its impact on several outcomes.
衰弱是一种与年龄相关的复杂临床状况，更容易出现负面健康结果，表现为一种多维综合征，因此，识别高危人群具有挑战性。我们旨在利用现有证据总结在家庭医疗中诊断衰弱的策略的实施情况。我们在PubMed和谷歌学术数据库中搜索相关文章，使用医学主题词（MeSH）“衰弱”、“衰弱量表”和“初级卫生保健”。纳入所有过去五年以英文发表的关于老年人群（65岁及以上）的原创研究文章。在总体文献中，衰弱诊断已产生了积极结果。近期住院可能表明存在一个最终可能导致负面结果的健康问题，并且经常被描述为与衰弱相关。研究还表明，它会影响重症监护病房的死亡率、住院死亡率和长期死亡率。然而，已经开发并验证了多种筛查工具，以提高临床实践中的可行性。衰弱评估工具之间经常缺乏一致性，这减缓了这些工具的广泛应用。衰弱的影响需要一种上游的、积极主动的、全面的、跨专业的初级保健方法来进行识别、评估和管理。这是一种可预防的疾病；在初级保健中识别高危老年患者有助于制定适合他们需求的适当护理流程。这篇文献综述旨在证明在初级保健环境中识别衰弱的重要性和策略，并评估其对多种结果的影响。
