Ilieva Lazaara, Ursano Isabella, Traista Lamiita, Hoffmann Birgitte, Dahy Hanaa
Research Group in Sustainable Design Engineering, Technical Faculty of IT & Design, Aalborg University, 2450 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Planning, Technical Faculty of IT & Design, Aalborg University, 2450 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2022 Mar 30;7(2):37. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics7020037.
Biomimicry is an interdisciplinary approach to study and transfer principles or mechanisms from nature to solve design challenges, frequently differentiated from other design disciplines by its particular focus on and promise of sustainability. However, in the biomimicry and biologically inspired design literature, there are varying interpretations of how and whether biomimetic designs lead to sustainable outcomes and how sustainability, nature, and mimesis are conceptualised and engaged in practice. This paper takes a particular focus on the built environment and presents a theoretical overview of biomimicry literature spanning across specific fields, namely architecture, philosophy, sustainability and design. We develop upon conceptual considerations in an effort to contribute to the growing calls in the literature for more reflective discussions about the nuanced relationship between biomimicry and sustainability. We further develop a 'Biomimicry for Sustainability' framework that synthesises recent reflective deliberations, as a possible direction for further theorisation of biomimicry, aiming to elaborate on the role of biomimicry as a sustainable design methodology and its potential to cultivate more sustainable human-nature relations. The framework is used as a tool for retrospective analysis, based on literature of completed designs, and as a catalyst for biomimetic design thinking. The objective of this paper is to serve as a point of departure for more active and deeper discussions regarding future biomimetic practice in the context of sustainability and transformational change, particularly within the built environment.
仿生学是一种跨学科方法，用于研究并借鉴自然中的原理或机制以解决设计难题，它常因特别关注可持续性并有望实现可持续性而有别于其他设计学科。然而，在仿生学及受生物启发的设计文献中，对于仿生设计如何以及是否能带来可持续成果，以及可持续性、自然和模仿在实践中是如何被概念化和应用的，存在不同的解读。本文特别关注建筑环境，并对跨越特定领域（即建筑、哲学、可持续性和设计）的仿生学文献进行理论概述。我们基于概念性思考展开论述，旨在回应文献中日益增多的呼声，即对仿生学与可持续性之间微妙关系进行更具反思性的讨论。我们进一步构建了一个“可持续性仿生学”框架，该框架综合了近期的反思性思考，作为仿生学进一步理论化的一个可能方向，旨在阐述仿生学作为一种可持续设计方法的作用及其培养更可持续的人与自然关系的潜力。该框架用作基于已完成设计文献的回顾性分析工具，以及仿生设计思维的催化剂。本文的目的是作为一个出发点，以便在可持续性和转型变革的背景下，特别是在建筑环境领域内，就未来的仿生实践展开更积极、深入的讨论。
