Verbrugghe Nathalie, Rubinacci Eleonora, Khan Ahmed Z
Building, Architecture and Town Planning Department (BATir), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue A. Buyl 87 (CP 194/2), 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2023 Mar 7;8(1):107. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics8010107.
Biomimicry, as a field of science, is mainly defined as a solution for design problems inspired by natural models, systems, and elements. For the built environment, using nature as a guide can enhance sustainability or even go beyond that and generate a regenerative approach. This is important in the building sector to evolve towards a sustainable and circular economy and reduce CO emissions in terms of energy-use. While several biomimicry-related keywords exist, scholars and practitioners in architecture have given varying interpretations to the term biomimicry depending on the use and goal. There has been increasing interest in biomimicry in architecture (BIA), yet the field has become more fragmented. This study aims to highlight differences and similarities through an extended literature survey and analysis that explores case studies, classification systems, and methodological frameworks related to biomimicry in architecture as a way to contribute to reduce the fragmentation in the field. To provide the necessary context and avoid confusion regarding the many concepts and terms that refer to nature-based design, biomimicry-related keywords and interpretations of the word biomimicry are first clarified. Ultimately, the discussion is an integrative effort at defining the field, and highlights the significance and impact of employing BIA in terms of sustainability and usability, as well as showcasing the opportunities for further research.
仿生学作为一门科学领域，主要被定义为一种受自然模型、系统和元素启发而产生的设计问题解决方案。对于建筑环境而言，以自然为导向可以增强可持续性，甚至超越这一点，产生一种再生方法。这对于建筑行业朝着可持续和循环经济发展以及在能源使用方面减少碳排放非常重要。虽然存在几个与仿生学相关的关键词，但建筑领域的学者和从业者根据其用途和目标对仿生学术语给出了不同的解释。建筑领域对仿生学的兴趣日益浓厚，但该领域却变得更加分散。本研究旨在通过广泛的文献调查和分析来突出差异和相似之处，该调查和分析探索了与建筑仿生学相关的案例研究、分类系统和方法框架，以此作为减少该领域分散性的一种方式。为了提供必要的背景信息并避免对许多与基于自然的设计相关的概念和术语产生混淆，首先对与仿生学相关的关键词以及仿生词的解释进行了澄清。最终，该讨论是对该领域进行定义的一项综合努力，并强调了在可持续性和可用性方面采用建筑仿生学的意义和影响，同时展示了进一步研究的机会。
