Schröer-Günther Milly, Koch Klaus
Institut für Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Gesundheitswesen (IQWiG), Im Mediapark 8, 50670, Köln, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2022 May;65(5):559-566. doi: 10.1007/s00103-022-03526-x. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
In order to enable people to make an informed decision about participating in cancer screening, disadvantages like medical risks have be communicated in addition to advantages. The information in the decision aids should be evidence-based, neutral, balanced, understandable, and adequate in scope. The Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) was commissioned by the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA) in 2014 and 2015 to develop decision aids in the form of brochures on participation in mammography, colorectal cancer, and cervical cancer screening, which are now in use.This article describes the development of the decision aids, with a focus on the results of user tests, which were executed by an external provider. Of the testers, 10 to 20% changed their attitude toward taking part in the screening test within the three categories "willing to take part," "undecided," and "not willing to take part" after reading the brochures. This indicates that an informed decision is supported by the materials. The user tests helped to better adapt the decision aids to the information needs of target groups.
为了使人们能够在充分了解信息的基础上做出是否参与癌症筛查的决定，除了告知参与筛查的益处外，还应说明诸如医疗风险等弊端。决策辅助工具中的信息应以证据为基础，保持中立、平衡，易于理解且范围适当。医疗质量和效率研究所（IQWiG）在2014年和2015年受联邦联合委员会（G-BA）委托，编写了关于乳腺摄影、结直肠癌和宫颈癌筛查参与情况的宣传册形式的决策辅助工具，这些工具目前正在使用。本文介绍了这些决策辅助工具的开发过程，重点是由外部供应商进行的用户测试结果。在阅读宣传册后，10%至20%的测试者在“愿意参与”“不确定”和“不愿意参与”这三个类别中改变了他们对参与筛查测试的态度。这表明这些材料有助于人们做出充分知情的决定。用户测试有助于使决策辅助工具更好地适应目标群体的信息需求。
