Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
EMBO J. 2022 Jun 1;41(11):e111210. doi: 10.15252/embj.2022111210. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
Recent work reported the existence of a mammalian cell-autonomous antiviral defence based on RNA interference (RNAi), which relies on the accumulation of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) to guide the degradation of complementary viral RNAs. In a new study, Zhang et al (2022) find that, in infected mice, vsiRNAs can enter the bloodstream via their incorporation into extracellular vesicles (EVs) and confer sequence-specific antiviral activity to recipient cells, thus indicating that mammalian antiviral RNAi participates in both cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous host defence.
最近的工作报道了一种基于 RNA 干扰(RNAi)的哺乳动物细胞自主抗病毒防御机制的存在,该机制依赖于病毒衍生的小干扰 RNA(vsiRNA)的积累,以指导互补病毒 RNA 的降解。在一项新的研究中,Zhang 等人(2022 年)发现,在感染的小鼠中,vsiRNA 可以通过整合到细胞外囊泡(EVs)中进入血液,并赋予受体细胞序列特异性抗病毒活性,这表明哺乳动物抗病毒 RNAi 参与了细胞自主和非细胞自主的宿主防御。