McCort J J
Radiology. 1987 Apr;163(1):1-9. doi: 10.1148/radiology.163.1.3547488.
Two innovations have improved the care of the major trauma victim in the past 20 years. Both depend on active radiologist participation. The first has been the progressive nationwide development of the Emergency Medical Service System, which identifies trauma centers by a process of categorization, regionalization, and verification. The hospital must be staffed and equipped to perform computed tomography, angiography, and sonography. Trauma centers effectively reduce morbidity and mortality of the accident patient. The second innovation has been the intensive use of computed tomography (CT) for immediate patient evaluation. CT surpasses other imaging methods in examination for craniocerebral, abdominal, spinal, pelvic, and facial trauma. In craniocerebral trauma, the precise diagnosis afforded by CT reduces the fatality rate by permitting early surgical intervention. In abdominal trauma, CT examination supports nonoperative management of hemodynamically stable patients with solid organ injury. In spinal, pelvic, and facial injuries, CT provides diagnostic information not available with conventional radiography.
在过去20年里，有两项创新改进了对严重创伤患者的护理。这两项创新都依赖放射科医生的积极参与。第一项是紧急医疗服务系统在全国范围内的逐步发展，该系统通过分类、区域化和核查的过程来确定创伤中心。医院必须配备人员和设备以进行计算机断层扫描、血管造影和超声检查。创伤中心有效地降低了事故患者的发病率和死亡率。第二项创新是大量使用计算机断层扫描（CT）对患者进行即时评估。在检查颅脑、腹部、脊柱、骨盆和面部创伤方面，CT优于其他成像方法。在颅脑创伤中，CT提供的精确诊断通过允许早期手术干预降低了死亡率。在腹部创伤中，CT检查支持对血流动力学稳定的实体器官损伤患者进行非手术治疗。在脊柱、骨盆和面部损伤中，CT提供了传统放射照相无法获得的诊断信息。
