Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centergrid.240145.6, Houston, Texas, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centergrid.240145.6, Houston, Texas, USA.
mSystems. 2022 Jun 28;7(3):e0003322. doi: 10.1128/msystems.00033-22. Epub 2022 Apr 28.
Mexican Americans have a high prevalence of diabetes and burden of diabetes-related complications, highlighting the need for novel preventive strategies and noninvasive predictors of diabetes risk tailored to this population. Changes in the gut microbiome have the potential to predict diabetes. Here, we aimed to identify alterations in the gut microbiome associated with diabetes in the high-risk population of Mexican Americans in South Texas. Stool samples were collected from 216 subjects from the population-based Cameron County Hispanic Cohort. Among them, 75 had type 2 diabetes. Taxonomic and functional profiling of the stool samples were assessed by 16S and shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and the influence of genetic factors was explored. The gut microbiome of subjects with diabetes was enriched with proinflammatory Proteobacteria members (Enterobacteriaceae, EscherichiaShigella) and depleted of butyrate-producing Clostridiales members (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Clostridium 1). The accompanying metagenomic changes in subjects with diabetes suggested dysregulated amino acid metabolism, reduced galacturonate and glucuronate catabolism (correlating with Faecalibacterium prausnitzii abundance), and enriched heme biosynthesis (correlating with abundance). Polymorphism rs7129790 near was strongly associated with high abundance and was more frequent in this cohort and in individuals of Mexican ancestry than in Europeans. In conclusion, Mexican Americans in South Texas with diabetes display distinct gut microbiome and metagenomic signatures. These signatures may have utility in risk modeling and disease prevention in this high-risk population. The gut microbiome composition varies across ethnicities and geographical locations, yet studies on diabetes-associated microbiome changes specific to high-risk Mexican Americans are lacking. Here, we aimed to identify specific alterations associated with diabetes in this population, as well as host genetic factors that may explain increased disease susceptibility in this ethnic group. Using samples from a population-based cohort of Mexican Americans with a high prevalence of obesity and diabetes, we confirmed findings from studies on other ethnicities that suggested promotion of a chronic proinflammatory environment, loss of butyrate production, and compromised intestinal barrier integrity. High abundance of proinflammatory was associated with a polymorphism that was more frequent in this cohort and in individuals of Mexican ancestry than in Europeans. Validation of microbiome-based risk models for diabetes should be evaluated in prospective cohort studies.
墨西哥裔美国人糖尿病患病率高，糖尿病相关并发症负担重，这凸显了针对这一人群开发新的预防策略和非侵入性糖尿病风险预测指标的必要性。肠道微生物组的变化有可能预测糖尿病。在这里，我们旨在确定与德克萨斯州南部高危墨西哥裔美国人糖尿病相关的肠道微生物组的改变。从基于人群的卡梅伦县西班牙裔队列中收集了 216 名受试者的粪便样本。其中，75 人患有 2 型糖尿病。通过 16S 和 shotgun 宏基因组测序评估粪便样本的分类和功能特征，并探讨遗传因素的影响。糖尿病患者的肠道微生物组富含促炎的变形菌成员（肠杆菌科，大肠杆菌志贺氏菌），而丁酸产生菌梭菌成员（普拉梭菌，消化链球菌科和梭菌属 1）减少。糖尿病患者的伴随宏基因组变化表明氨基酸代谢失调，半乳糖醛酸和葡萄糖醛酸分解代谢减少（与普拉梭菌丰度相关），血红素生物合成富集（与丰度相关）。rs7129790 附近的多态性与 高度相关，在该队列和墨西哥裔个体中比在欧洲人中更为频繁。总之，德克萨斯州南部的墨西哥裔美国人患有糖尿病，其肠道微生物组和宏基因组特征明显不同。这些特征可能对该高危人群的风险建模和疾病预防具有实用价值。肠道微生物组的组成因种族和地理位置而异，但针对高危墨西哥裔美国人的糖尿病相关微生物组变化的研究尚缺乏。在这里，我们旨在确定与该人群糖尿病相关的特定变化，以及可能解释该族裔群体疾病易感性增加的宿主遗传因素。使用来自肥胖和糖尿病患病率高的基于人群的墨西哥裔美国人队列的样本，我们证实了其他种族的研究结果，即促进慢性促炎环境、丁酸产生减少和肠道屏障完整性受损。高丰度的促炎与一种多态性相关，这种多态性在该队列和墨西哥裔个体中比在欧洲人中更为频繁。应在前瞻性队列研究中评估基于微生物组的糖尿病风险模型的验证。
