Okoye Ogochukwu Chinedum, Carnegie Elaine, Mora Luca
Department of Internal Medicine, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Int J Public Health. 2022 Apr 11;67:1604522. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604522. eCollection 2022.
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at synthesising epidemiological data on the association between long-term air pollution and kidney-related outcomes in oil and natural gas (ONG) situated communities. We synthesised studies using the PRISMA 2020 guideline. We searched databases including Medline, Cochrane Library, CIHANL, CAB Abstracts, Greenlife, African Journal Online, Google Scholar and Web of Science, from inception to April 2021. Heterogeneity across studies and publication bias were assessed. Twenty-five studies were systematically reviewed but only 14 were included in the meta-analysis and categorised based on the outcome studied. Residents of exposed communities have increased risk for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.44-2.01), lower eGFR (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.48-0.67) and higher serum creatinine (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.06-1.82) compared to less exposed or unexposed populations. The risks for hypertension and kidney cancer between the two populations were not significantly different. We report an increased risk for CKD and kidney dysfunction in populations residing near petrochemical plants, although from a limited number of studies. The scientific community needs to explore this environment and non-communicable disease relationship, particularly in vulnerable populations.
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在综合关于石油和天然气（ONG）产区长期空气污染与肾脏相关结局之间关联的流行病学数据。我们使用PRISMA 2020指南对研究进行综合分析。我们检索了包括Medline、Cochrane图书馆、CIHANL、CAB文摘、Greenlife、非洲期刊在线、谷歌学术和科学网在内的数据库，检索时间从建库至2021年4月。评估了研究间的异质性和发表偏倚。对25项研究进行了系统评价，但只有14项纳入荟萃分析，并根据所研究的结局进行分类。与暴露较少或未暴露的人群相比，暴露社区的居民患慢性肾脏病（CKD）的风险增加（OR = 1.70，95%CI 1.44 - 2.01），估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）较低（OR = 0.55，95%CI 0.48 - 0.67），血清肌酐较高（OR = 1.39，95%CI 1.06 - 1.82）。两个人群之间高血压和肾癌的风险没有显著差异。尽管研究数量有限，但我们报告称，居住在石化厂附近的人群患CKD和肾功能不全的风险增加。科学界需要探索这种环境与非传染性疾病之间的关系，尤其是在弱势群体中。
