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螺环衍生物作为抗氧化剂:综述

Spirocyclic derivatives as antioxidants: a review.

作者信息

Acosta-Quiroga Karen, Rojas-Peña Cristian, Nerio Luz Stella, Gutiérrez Margarita, Polo-Cuadrado Efraín

机构信息

Universidad de la Amazonia, Programa de Química Cl. 17 Diagonal 17 con, Cra. 3F Florencia 180001 Colombia.

Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile

出版信息

RSC Adv. 2021 Jun 21;11(36):21926-21954. doi: 10.1039/d1ra01170g.

Abstract

In recent years, spiro compounds have attracted significant interest in medicinal chemistry due to their numerous biological activities attributed primarily to their versatility and structural similarity to important pharmacophore centers. Currently, the development of drugs with potential antioxidant activities is of great importance since numerous investigations have shown that oxidative stress is involved in the development and progression of numerous diseases such as cancer, senile cataracts, kidney failure, diabetes, high blood pressure, cirrhosis, and neurodegenerative diseases, among others. This article provides an overview of the synthesis and various antioxidant activities found in naturally occurring and synthetic spiro compounds. Among the antioxidant activities reviewed are DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, anti-LPO, superoxide, xanthine oxidase, peroxide, hydroxyl, and nitric oxide tests, among others. Molecules that presented best results for these tests were spiro compounds G14, C12, D41, C18, C15, D5, D11, E1, and C14. In general, most active compounds are characterized for having at least one oxygen atom; an important number of them (around 35%) are phenolic compounds, and in molecules where this functional group was absent, aryl ethers and nitrogen-containing functional groups such as amine and amides could be found. Recent advances in the antioxidant activity profiles of spiro compounds have shown that they have a significant position in discovering drugs with potential antioxidant activities.

摘要

近年来,螺环化合物因其众多生物活性而在药物化学领域引起了广泛关注,这些生物活性主要归因于它们的多功能性以及与重要药效团中心的结构相似性。目前,开发具有潜在抗氧化活性的药物至关重要,因为大量研究表明,氧化应激参与了多种疾病的发生和发展,如癌症、老年性白内障、肾衰竭、糖尿病、高血压、肝硬化和神经退行性疾病等。本文概述了天然存在的和合成的螺环化合物的合成及其各种抗氧化活性。所综述的抗氧化活性包括DPPH、ABTS、FRAP、抗脂质过氧化、超氧化物、黄嘌呤氧化酶、过氧化物、羟基和一氧化氮测试等。在这些测试中表现最佳的分子是螺环化合物G14、C12、D41、C18、C15、D5、D11、E1和C14。一般来说,大多数活性化合物的特征是至少含有一个氧原子;其中相当数量(约35%)是酚类化合物,在没有该官能团的分子中,可以发现芳基醚和含氮官能团,如胺和酰胺。螺环化合物抗氧化活性概况的最新进展表明,它们在发现具有潜在抗氧化活性的药物方面具有重要地位。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c0e9/9034179/df586392ac28/d1ra01170g-s1.jpg

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