Abushukur Yasmine, Cascardo Camilla, Ibrahim Yousef, Teklehaimanot Fayven, Knackstedt Rebecca
Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, USA.
Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Roha, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Mar 24;14(3):e23443. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23443. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are the current standard of care when it comes to improving post-surgical outcomes in breast cancer patients. Compliance with all protocol items is required in order for patients to experience significant benefits. Given that the ERAS protocols involve numerous medications which each have unique side effect profiles and medication interactions, this is often difficult to accomplish. Additionally, breast cancer patients are often left with a large psychological burden, which ERAS protocols fail to address. This review aims to determine the role that alternative therapies can play in improving both the emotional and physical strains patients experience during the post-operative stage of recovery. A PubMed search was conducted using the following search terms ("alternative medicine" or "complementary medicine" or "integrative medicine" or "holistic medicine" or "natural medicine" or "mediation" or "aromatherapy" or "music" or "art" or "reiki" or "massage") and ("surgery") and ("pain"). Studies selected for this review include articles published or translated in English that addressed alternative medical interventions affecting pre-, peri-, or post-operative outcomes in breast biopsies, surgeries, or breast-related procedures. Eighteen articles fit the inclusion criteria, with seven addressing music, five addressing meditation, yoga, and guided imagery, five addressing massage, one addressing myofascial release, four addressing aromatherapy, two addressing acupuncture, and three addressing hypnosis. Most forms of alternative therapies offered some benefit to patients following breast-related procedures, many resulting in improvements in post-operative outcomes including pain, fatigue, energy, stress, anxiety, mood, and depression. The reviewed studies demonstrated numerous benefits to integrating alternative medicine into standardized therapy to improve postoperative outcomes. Most studies analyzed did not include placebo controls as including proper placebos was often not feasible. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to better quantify the benefits patients receive from these noninvasive, low-risk complementary therapies.
就改善乳腺癌患者的术后结局而言,术后加速康复(ERAS)方案是当前的护理标准。患者要想获得显著益处,就需要遵守所有方案项目。鉴于ERAS方案涉及多种药物,每种药物都有独特的副作用和药物相互作用,这一点往往很难做到。此外,乳腺癌患者通常会承受巨大的心理负担,而ERAS方案并未解决这一问题。本综述旨在确定替代疗法在改善患者术后康复阶段所经历的情绪和身体压力方面可以发挥的作用。使用以下搜索词在PubMed上进行了检索:(“替代医学”或“补充医学”或“整合医学”或“整体医学”或“自然医学”或“冥想”或“芳香疗法”或“音乐”或“艺术”或“灵气疗法”或“按摩”)以及(“手术”)和(“疼痛”)。本综述所选的研究包括以英文发表或翻译的文章,这些文章探讨了影响乳腺活检、手术或与乳房相关手术的术前、术中或术后结局的替代医学干预措施。18篇文章符合纳入标准,其中7篇涉及音乐,5篇涉及冥想、瑜伽和引导式意象,5篇涉及按摩,1篇涉及肌筋膜放松,4篇涉及芳香疗法,2篇涉及针灸,3篇涉及催眠。大多数替代疗法形式对乳房相关手术后的患者都有一定益处,许多疗法都改善了术后结局,包括疼痛、疲劳、精力、压力、焦虑、情绪和抑郁。综述研究表明,将替代医学纳入标准化治疗以改善术后结局有诸多益处。大多数分析的研究没有包括安慰剂对照,因为纳入合适的安慰剂往往不可行。需要进行更大样本量的未来研究,以更好地量化患者从这些非侵入性、低风险的补充疗法中获得的益处。