MS, RN, Postgraduate Student, Division of Biological and Health Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Xochimilco, México Campus, México.
PhD, Professor, Division of Biological and Health Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Xochimilco, México.
J Nurs Res. 2022 Aug 1;30(4):e219. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000495.
Working conditions in public hospitals in Mexico City are highly demanding. The need for healthcare is pressing, materials and instruments are scarce, and exposure to pain and suffering is constant. These adverse conditions have an adverse impact on the physical and mental health of healthcare professionals. The nursing staffs are among those who are most affected, and they frequently experience burnout syndrome or one of its several dimensions, including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment.
The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship among working conditions, related stress, and the dimensions of burnout syndrome in a tertiary care public hospital in Mexico City.
A cross-sectional design was applied on a random sample of 190 nurses in a public hospital in Mexico City. Working conditions and burnout syndrome were evaluated using standardized instruments. Adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated. Three clusters, one for each burnout dimension, were generated and then evaluated using a correspondence analysis with labor characteristics.
One quarter (25%) of the participants self-reported a sense of personal accomplishment, and 12% reported emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The labor variables that were found to be associated with the dimensions of burnout were workload, performing potentially hazardous work, and conducting tedious tasks. Positive conditions were shown to decrease the prevalence of burnout in all three dimensions.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Working conditions for nursing staff impact the mental health of nurses and affect the quality of the healthcare they provide. The set of work demands and stressors to which they are exposed should be controlled and modified to ensure a healthy work environment.
墨西哥城公立医院的工作条件要求极高。医疗需求紧迫，材料和仪器匮乏，且经常接触到痛苦和苦难。这些不利条件对医疗保健专业人员的身心健康产生了负面影响。护理人员是受影响最大的人群之一，他们经常经历 burnout 综合征或其几个维度之一，包括情绪疲惫、去人性化和个人成就感降低。
本研究旨在分析墨西哥城一家三级保健公立医院的工作条件、相关压力与 burnout 综合征各维度之间的关系。
采用横断面设计，对墨西哥城一家公立医院的 190 名护士进行了随机抽样。使用标准化工具评估工作条件和 burnout 综合征。计算了调整后的患病率比。生成了三个簇，每个簇对应 burnout 综合征的一个维度，然后使用与劳动特征的对应分析进行评估。
四分之一（25%）的参与者自我报告了个人成就感，12%的参与者报告了情绪疲惫和去人性化。与 burnout 综合征各维度相关的劳动变量是工作量、从事潜在危险工作和执行繁琐任务。积极的工作条件降低了所有三个维度的 burnout 患病率。
结论/对实践的启示：护理人员的工作条件会影响护士的心理健康，并影响他们提供的医疗质量。应该控制和改变他们所面临的一系列工作要求和压力源，以确保健康的工作环境。
