工作满意度和工作灵活性对护士职业倦怠的影响。

The Effects of Work Satisfaction and Work Flexibility on Burnout in Nurses.

机构信息

PhD, RN, Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.

PhD, RN, Professor, Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.

出版信息

J Nurs Res. 2022 Dec 1;30(6):e240. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000522.

DOI:10.1097/jnr.0000000000000522

PMID:36166364

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The World Health Organization has encouraged improving working conditions for nurses to decrease turnover and increase nurse staffing and nursing capacity. The International Council of Nurses has pointed out that a positive work environment can improve satisfaction and decrease burnout in nurses. However, the effects of working conditions and work satisfaction on burnout in nurses remain unclear.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of working-condition-related flexibility and work satisfaction on burnout in nurses.

METHODS

A cross-sectional design was employed, and 450 nurses from a single medical center participated in this study. In addition to demographic information, three survey instruments, including the Taiwanese Hospital Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale, the Working Conditions and Flexible System Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Chinese Version, were used to measure working condition flexibility, work satisfaction, and burnout. Descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical linear regression were used to analyze the data.

RESULTS

Four hundred thirty-five nurses were enrolled as participants. Most were female, with a mean age of 29 years. Over four fifths (83.1%) were unmarried, and 65.5% had at least 2 years of prior experience working at other hospitals. Although the participants reported experiencing burnout several times per month, they reported feeling satisfied with their work. They noted flexibility related to working conditions, especially task-related flexibility, as important. Four variables (satisfaction/professional autonomy, interpersonal interaction, workload, and working condition flexibility/task flexibility) were found to be significant predictors of emotional exhaustion (adjusted R2 = 0.212). However, only professional autonomy was found to significantly predict a sense of low personal accomplishment (adjusted R2 = .077), whereas nursing competence significantly predicted depersonalization (adjusted R2 = .086).

CONCLUSIONS

Work satisfaction and flexibility related to working conditions were shown to relate negatively to burnout. Nursing managers should improve the level of satisfaction related to professional autonomy, interpersonal interaction, and workload as well as task flexibility for nurses.

摘要

背景

世界卫生组织鼓励改善护士的工作条件，以减少离职率并增加护士人数和护理能力。国际护士理事会指出，积极的工作环境可以提高护士的满意度并减少其职业倦怠感。然而，工作条件和工作满意度对护士职业倦怠感的影响仍不清楚。

目的

本研究旨在探讨与工作条件相关的灵活性和工作满意度对护士职业倦怠感的影响。

方法

采用横断面设计，对某单一医疗中心的 450 名护士进行研究。除人口统计学资料外，参与者还使用了台湾医院护士工作满意度量表、工作条件和弹性系统量表以及马氏职业倦怠量表中文修订版来评估工作条件灵活性、工作满意度和职业倦怠感。采用描述性统计、皮尔逊相关系数和分层线性回归来分析数据。

结果

共纳入 435 名护士作为参与者。他们大多数为女性，平均年龄为 29 岁。超过五分之四（83.1%）未婚，65.5%在其他医院至少有 2 年的工作经验。尽管参与者报告每月都会经历几次职业倦怠感，但他们对工作表示满意。他们指出工作条件相关的灵活性，尤其是任务相关的灵活性非常重要。有四个变量（满意度/专业自主性、人际互动、工作量和工作条件灵活性/任务灵活性）被发现是情绪耗竭的显著预测因子（调整后的 R2 = 0.212）。然而，只有专业自主性被发现对个人成就感低有显著预测作用（调整后的 R2 =.077），而护理能力对去人格化有显著预测作用（调整后的 R2 =.086）。