Engineering Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases Using Yeast Surface Display.

Yeast surface display (YSD) has been extensively used for protein design, engineering, and directed evolution in the past two decades. Here, we describe methods for directed evolution of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP), the natural inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), through design and generation of a combinatorial library of TIMP mutants and screening the targeted TIMP library of variants toward MMP binding using YSD. This protocol can be adopted to other natural enzyme inhibitors and similar protein binders such as antibodies.