Demographic Institute, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia.
Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2022 Apr 1;23(4):1325-1330. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.4.1325.
This study aims to investigate the impact of cigarette consumption on household's nutrition adequacy (NA). This study also examines the opportunity cost of cigarette expenditure to children's nutritional adequacy.
We used an Indonesian cross-sectional household level nationwide data of 2018 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS). Using multivariate Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression, we estimated the impact of cigarette consumption on household's NA as defined by household protein and energy intakes. With the same specification, we further ran a segregated OLS regression by household quintile expenditure. While the opportunity cost of cigarette consumption to children's nutrition adequacy defined the estimated forgone nutrition due to cigarette consumption by following the Ministry of Health (MOH) definition of Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for children aged 4 - 6.
Cigarette consumption decreases household's protein and energy intakes. We found statistically significant correlation between household's cigarette consumption and household's per capita protein intake while no statistically significant correlation on energy intake. Furthermore, the segregated estimate is significant for both protein and energy intakes among 60% lowest household quintile expenditure groups. The lower the quintile expenditure, the higher the decline in household NA due to cigarette consumption. With the average cigarette expenditure of IDR12,956 per household per day, giving up daily cigarette spending could meet children's energy intake by 27% - 85,4% of RDA and protein intake by 180.12% - 300.48% of RDA.
Household cigarette consumption has negative impact on household's daily energy and protein intakes. The poorest group is most vulnerable to nutrition inadequacy due to cigarette consumption. Giving up household's cigarette expenditure daily could result in a substantial nutrition gain for children at their critical growth stages.
本研究旨在探讨吸烟对家庭营养充足性（NA）的影响。本研究还考察了吸烟支出对儿童营养充足性的机会成本。
我们使用了 2018 年印度尼西亚全国家庭层面的国家社会经济调查（SUSENAS）的横断面数据。使用多元普通最小二乘法（OLS）回归，我们根据家庭的蛋白质和能量摄入量来估计吸烟对家庭 NA 的影响。根据相同的规格，我们按家庭支出五分位数进行了进一步的分离 OLS 回归。而吸烟对儿童营养充足性的机会成本则根据卫生部（MOH）对 4-6 岁儿童的推荐膳食津贴（RDA）的定义，估计因吸烟而错过的营养。
吸烟会降低家庭的蛋白质和能量摄入量。我们发现家庭吸烟与家庭人均蛋白质摄入量之间存在统计学上的显著相关性，而与能量摄入量之间则不存在统计学上的显著相关性。此外，在支出最低的 60%家庭五分位数中，这一分离估计对蛋白质和能量摄入都具有统计学意义。支出越低，由于吸烟导致家庭 NA 下降的幅度越大。如果每户每天平均吸烟支出为 12956 印尼盾，放弃每天的吸烟支出可以满足儿童 27%-85.4%的 RDA 能量摄入量和 180.12%-300.48%的 RDA 蛋白质摄入量。
家庭吸烟对家庭的日常能量和蛋白质摄入量有负面影响。最贫困的群体因吸烟而导致营养不足的风险最高。放弃家庭的吸烟支出每天可以为儿童在关键的生长阶段带来可观的营养收益。
