Department of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Jul;29(31):46385-46404. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20445-1. Epub 2022 Apr 29.
Diabetes is a global health concern that has affected almost 415 million people globally. Bromocriptine is a dopamine D2 agonist, which is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, it is considered that a novel treatment therapy is required which can be used in the treatment of diabetes with or without other antidiabetic agents. Dopamine agonists are usually used in neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease (PD), restless leg syndrome, and hyperprolactinemia. However, dopamine agonists including bromocriptine and cabergoline are also effective in reducing the glycemic level in T2DM patients. Bromocriptine was formerly used for the treatment of PD, hyperprolactinemia, and restless leg syndrome, but now it is used for improving glycemic levels as well as reducing free fatty acids and triglycerides. In addition, cabergoline has been found to be effective in glycemic control, but this drug is yet to be approved by the FDA due to its limitations and lack of study. Findings of the clinical trials of bromocriptine have suggested that it reduces almost 0.4-0.8% glycated hemoglobin and cardiovascular risk by 40% in insulin-resistant patients. Moreover, the safe use of bromocriptine in obese T2DM patients makes it a more attractive option as it causes weight loss. Indeed, bromocriptine is a novel therapy for T2DM patients, as its mechanism of action is unique in T2DM patients with minimal adverse effects. This review summarizes the potential of dopamine agonists in the treatment of T2DM.
糖尿病是一个全球性的健康问题，已经影响了全球近 4.15 亿人。溴隐亭是一种多巴胺 D2 激动剂，已被美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准用于治疗 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者。然而，人们认为需要一种新的治疗方法，可以与其他抗糖尿病药物一起或不与其他抗糖尿病药物一起用于治疗糖尿病。多巴胺激动剂通常用于治疗帕金森病（PD）、不安腿综合征和高催乳素血症等神经疾病。然而，包括溴隐亭和卡麦角林在内的多巴胺激动剂也能有效降低 T2DM 患者的血糖水平。溴隐亭以前用于治疗 PD、高催乳素血症和不安腿综合征，但现在也用于改善血糖水平以及降低游离脂肪酸和甘油三酯。此外，已经发现卡麦角林在血糖控制方面有效，但由于其局限性和缺乏研究，该药物尚未获得 FDA 批准。溴隐亭临床试验的结果表明，它可使胰岛素抵抗患者的糖化血红蛋白降低 0.4-0.8%，心血管风险降低 40%。此外，溴隐亭在肥胖的 T2DM 患者中的安全使用使其成为更具吸引力的选择，因为它会导致体重减轻。事实上，溴隐亭是 T2DM 患者的一种新疗法，因为其作用机制在 T2DM 患者中是独特的，副作用最小。本文综述了多巴胺激动剂在治疗 T2DM 中的潜力。
