Department of Life Sciences, Neurosciences, Gurugram University, Sector-51, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
Exp Brain Res. 2022 Jun;240(6):1649-1659. doi: 10.1007/s00221-022-06372-0. Epub 2022 Apr 30.
Wound healing is a highly coordinated and dynamic process of tissue repair after injury. The global burden of disease associated with wounds, both acute and chronic, is a significantly rising health concern. Upon skin wounding, neurons have the ability to sense the disruption to mediate the release of neurotransmitters into the wound microenvironment. Serotonin that has long been recognised as a potential vasoconstrictor is now also being contemplated to play a role in re-epithelialisation of wounds. While the role of neuropeptides in stimulating diabetic wound healing is being increasingly emphasised, on the other hand, dopamine is being widely studied for its dual role in mediating both pro- and antiangiogenic effects at the site of the wounds. Similarly, epinephrine levels that are known to be elevated during stress is now recognised as a contributing factor towards delayed wound closure, thereby serving as an inhibitor of wound healing. Thus, each neurotransmitter regulates wound repair and their active regeneration in a typical way. Strengthening our understanding of the molecular pathways via which the neurotransmitter modulates the immune system to control wound healing can yield potential therapeutic measures. Further investigations regarding the safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of these processes are a prerequisite for their possible translation into clinical trials.
伤口愈合是受伤后组织修复的一个高度协调和动态的过程。与伤口相关的全球疾病负担，无论是急性还是慢性的，都是一个显著上升的健康关注点。在皮肤受伤时，神经元有能力感知到这种破坏，并将神经递质释放到伤口微环境中。长期以来，人们一直认为血清素是一种潜在的血管收缩剂，现在也被认为在伤口再上皮化中发挥作用。虽然神经肽在刺激糖尿病伤口愈合中的作用越来越受到重视，但另一方面，多巴胺因其在伤口部位介导促血管生成和抗血管生成作用的双重作用而被广泛研究。同样，人们现在认识到，应激期间升高的肾上腺素水平是导致伤口愈合延迟的一个因素，因此是伤口愈合的抑制剂。因此，每种神经递质都以典型的方式调节伤口修复及其活性再生。加强我们对神经递质调节免疫系统以控制伤口愈合的分子途径的理解，可以产生潜在的治疗措施。进一步研究这些过程的安全性、有效性和成本效益是将其转化为临床试验的前提条件。
