Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, 12 Executive Park Drive Northeast, Suite 290, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2022 May;106(3):519-525. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.02.002. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
Movement disorders are commonly encountered by the general practitioner and can be divided into 2 broad categories: hypokinetic and hyperkinetic. The former involves loss or slowing of movement, whereas the latter is characterized by excessive and involuntary movements. A careful history will guide the examiner to the appropriate category of movement disorders. As no laboratory test or radiologic study is confirmatory for these disorders, diagnosis must be made clinically and the neurologic examination is indispensable. In this article, we discuss physical examination techniques that will help diagnose common movement disorders.
运动障碍是常见的一般医生会遇到的,可分为 2 大类:运动减少和运动过多。前者涉及运动的丧失或减缓,而后者的特点是过度和不自主的运动。仔细的病史将指导检查者进入适当的运动障碍类别。由于没有实验室检查或影像学研究可对此类疾病进行确诊,因此必须进行临床诊断,神经检查是必不可少的。本文讨论了有助于诊断常见运动障碍的体格检查技术。