Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Alte. Ary Parreiras 507, Niterói, RJ, 24220-000, Brazil.
Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Manuel de Medeiros s/n, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
Acta Parasitol. 2021 Sep;66(3):962-968. doi: 10.1007/s11686-021-00345-z. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
Dirofilaria immitis, a mosquito-borne nematode that primarily infects dogs, can equally infect cats. Although there have been numerous studies on canine heartworm prevalence in Brazil, there have been few studies on feline infections. Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) are both life-threatening retroviruses transmitted directly between cats. Infections with Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp. are highly prevalent among dogs in Brazil, with Rhipicephalus sanguineus being the main vector for both bacteria. This study aimed to gather information on these infections among dogs and cats in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro by performing rapid point-of-care tests for prophylactic enforcement.
Surplus samples of serum or plasma from private laboratories were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (SNAP Feline Triple Test or SNAP 4Dx Plus Test).
The prevalence of heartworm disease was 7% among dogs and 0.9% among cats, the latter being 12.9% of the former. The prevalence of FIV and FeLV was 4.3 and 11.9%, respectively. Among dogs, the seroprevalence of Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp. was 27.1 and 9.8%, respectively, and Borrelia burgdorferi was not detected.
Given that such infections circulate among pets, prophylactic measures should be encouraged by small animal practitioners.
犬恶丝虫是一种通过蚊子传播的线虫，主要感染犬类，但也能感染猫。尽管已有大量关于巴西犬心丝虫病流行情况的研究，但对猫感染情况的研究较少。猫免疫缺陷病毒（FIV）和猫白血病病毒（FeLV）都是直接在猫之间传播的致命逆转录病毒。巴西的犬类中埃立克体属和无形体属的感染非常普遍，而 Rhipicephalus sanguineus 是这两种细菌的主要传播媒介。本研究旨在通过进行快速即时检测以进行预防性执法，收集里约热内卢大都市区犬猫感染情况的信息。
利用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）（SNAP 猫三联检测或 SNAP 4Dx Plus 检测）对私人实验室的剩余血清或血浆样本进行检测。
犬心丝虫病的患病率为 7%，猫为 0.9%，后者是前者的 12.9%。FIV 和 FeLV 的患病率分别为 4.3%和 11.9%。在犬类中，埃立克体属和无形体属的血清阳性率分别为 27.1%和 9.8%，未检测到伯氏疏螺旋体。
鉴于这些感染在宠物中传播，小动物临床医生应鼓励采取预防性措施。
