Structure characterization and anticoagulant activity of a novel polysaccharide from (Laur.) S. Y. Hu F.

An acidic polysaccharide, named LAP-1, was extracted and isolated from (Laur.), and was further purified with ion exchange chromatography and gel chromatography. The extraction conditions of the crude polysaccharides were optimized by single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. The primary structure of the purified polysaccharide was measured by FT-IR, GC-MS, and NMR. The results showed that LAP-1 was mainly composed of galacturonic acid (GalA), mannose (Man), xylose (Xyl), rhamnose (Rha), arabinose (Ara), glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), fucose (Fuc), ribose (Rib), and glucuronic acid (GlcA) in the molar ratio of 8.74 : 3.45 : 1.02 : 1 : 2.11 : 5.60 : 4.73 : 1.08 : 1.09 : 1.47. Primary structure analysis results indicated that LAP-1 contained characteristic glycosyl linkages such as →1)-α-d-Man, →1)-α-d-Glc, →1)-α-d-Ara-(2→, →1)-β-d-Gal-(3→, →1)-β-d-Man-(4→, →1)-β-d-Gal-(4→, →1)-β-d-Glc-(4→, →1)-β-d-GalA-(4→, →1)-β-d-GlcA-(4→, →1)-β-d-Man-(4,6→, →1)-β-d-Man-(3,4→. The / (PDI), , and of LAP-1 were determined to be 1.423, 6.979 × 10 g mol, 1.409 × 10 g mol, and 9.930 × 10 g mol by HPSEC-MALLS-RID and DLS. SEM, TEM and AFM results indicated that LAP-1 was a highly branched structure. LAP-1 showed mild anticoagulant activity, low toxicity, and less spontaneous bleeding compared with heparin sodium. These results demonstrated the effective coagulation activity of polysaccharides. Thus, the purified LAP-1 could be explored as a promising anticoagulant agent for the treatment of coagulation disorders.