SABNP, UnivEvry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, 91025, France.
Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2022 Jan;87(Suppl 1):S20-S93. doi: 10.1134/S0006297922140036.
From their synthesis in the nucleus to their degradation in the cytoplasm, all mRNAs have the same objective, which is to translate the DNA-stored genetic information into functional proteins at the proper time and location. To this end, many proteins are generally associated with mRNAs as soon as transcription takes place in the nucleus to organize spatiotemporal regulation of the gene expression in cells. Here we reviewed how YB-1 (YBX1 gene), one of the major mRNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasm, packaged mRNAs into either compact or extended linear nucleoprotein mRNPs. Interestingly the structural plasticity of mRNPs coordinated by YB-1 could provide means for the contextual regulation of mRNA translation. Posttranslational modification of YB-1, notably in the long unstructured YB-1 C-terminal domain (CTD), and/or the protein partners of YB-1 may play a key role in activation/inactivation of mRNPs in the cells notably in response to cellular stress.
从细胞核中的合成到细胞质中的降解，所有的 mRNA 都有一个共同的目标，即将储存在 DNA 中的遗传信息在适当的时间和位置翻译成功能性蛋白质。为此，许多蛋白质通常在转录发生在细胞核时就与 mRNA 结合，以组织细胞中基因表达的时空调节。在这里，我们回顾了细胞质中主要的 mRNA 结合蛋白之一 YB-1（YBX1 基因）如何将 mRNA 包装成紧凑或扩展的线性核蛋白 mRNP。有趣的是，YB-1 协调的 mRNP 的结构可塑性可以为 mRNA 翻译的上下文调节提供手段。YB-1 的翻译后修饰，特别是在长无结构的 YB-1 C 端结构域（CTD）中，和/或 YB-1 的蛋白伴侣，可能在细胞中 mRNP 的激活/失活中发挥关键作用，特别是在响应细胞应激时。
