Institute of Protein Research, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2022 Jan;87(Suppl 1):S48-S167. doi: 10.1134/S000629792214005X.
YB proteins are DNA/RNA binding proteins, members of the family of proteins with cold shock domain. Role of YB proteins in the life of cells, tissues, and whole organisms is extremely important. They are involved in transcription regulation, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA translation and stability, mRNA packaging into mRNPs, including stress granules, DNA repair, and many other cellular events. Many processes, from embryonic development to aging, depend on when and how much of these proteins have been synthesized. Here we discuss regulation of the levels of YB-1 and, in part, of its homologs in the cell. Because the amount of YB-1 is immediately associated with its functioning, understanding the mechanisms of regulation of the protein amount invariably reveals the events where YB-1 is involved. Control over the YB-1 abundance may allow using this gene/protein as a therapeutic target in cancers, where an increased expression of the YBX1 gene often correlates with the disease severity and poor prognosis.
YB 蛋白是 DNA/RNA 结合蛋白，属于冷休克域家族蛋白成员。YB 蛋白在细胞、组织和整个生物体的生命中的作用极其重要。它们参与转录调控、前体 mRNA 剪接、mRNA 翻译和稳定性、mRNA 包装成 mRNPs，包括应激颗粒、DNA 修复和许多其他细胞事件。从胚胎发育到衰老的许多过程都取决于这些蛋白质的合成时间和合成量。在这里，我们讨论了 YB-1 及其部分同源物在细胞中的水平调节。由于 YB-1 的数量与其功能直接相关，因此了解蛋白质数量的调节机制不可避免地揭示了 YB-1 参与的事件。对 YB-1 丰度的控制可能允许将该基因/蛋白作为癌症的治疗靶点，在癌症中，YBX1 基因的表达增加通常与疾病的严重程度和预后不良相关。
