Fondation « Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer », Villejuif, France.
Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Mol Oncol. 2022 Sep;16(18):3220-3237. doi: 10.1002/1878-0261.13222. Epub 2022 May 21.
The complex mechanisms of ageing biology are increasingly understood. Interventions to reduce or delay ageing-associated diseases are emerging. Cancer is one of the diseases promoted by tissue ageing. A clockwise mutational signature is identified in many tumours. Ageing might be a modifiable cancer risk factor. To reduce the incidence of ageing-related cancer and to detect the disease at earlier stages, we need to understand better the links between ageing and tumours. When a cancer is established, geriatric assessment and measures of biological age might help to generate evidence-based therapeutic recommendations. In this approach, patients and caregivers would include the respective weight to give to the quality of life and survival in the therapeutic choices. The increasing burden of cancer in older patients requires new generations of researchers and geriatric oncologists to be trained, to properly address disease complexity in a multidisciplinary manner, and to reduce health inequities in this population of patients. In this review, we propose a series of research challenges to tackle in the next few years to better prevent, detect and treat cancer in older patients while preserving their quality of life.
衰老生物学的复杂机制日益被理解。减少或延缓与衰老相关疾病的干预措施正在出现。癌症是由组织衰老促进的疾病之一。在许多肿瘤中发现了顺时针突变特征。衰老可能是一种可改变的癌症风险因素。为了降低与衰老相关的癌症发病率，并在更早阶段发现该疾病，我们需要更好地了解衰老与肿瘤之间的联系。当癌症确立后，老年评估和生物年龄测量可能有助于生成基于证据的治疗建议。在这种方法中，患者和护理人员将在治疗选择中考虑到各自对生活质量和生存的重视程度。老年患者癌症负担的增加需要新一代的研究人员和老年肿瘤学家接受培训，以多学科的方式正确处理疾病的复杂性，并减少这部分患者的健康不平等。在这篇综述中，我们提出了一系列研究挑战，以期在未来几年内更好地预防、检测和治疗老年患者的癌症，同时保持他们的生活质量。
