Impact of Diet and Exercise on Colorectal Cancer.

The evidence is consistent that certain dietary and lifestyle factors modulate the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) development and differential survival outcomes. Emerging prospective data in addition to earlier studies largely support the notion that specific dietary products or patterns and physical activity are associated with protection against CRC development and mortality. However, few randomized controlled trials evaluating causal relationships exist, and much of the current data remain limited to nonmetastatic CRC. More widespread integration of assessment of dietary and lifestyle factors on disease-related outcomes across clinical and interventional trials as well as behavioral intervention trials are needed for the development of more definitive care guidelines.