Kamiński Kacper, Kazimierczak Urszula, Kolenda Tomasz
Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2022;26(1):1-7. doi: 10.5114/wo.2021.112447. Epub 2022 Feb 4.
Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, with a growing number of incidents worldwide and with no effective cure in a metastatic stage so far. There are several pathways and processes engaged in melanoma pathogenesis that have been extensively explored in recent years. The emerging evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) is highly involved in melanin synthesis and melanoma formation. Melanoma is particularly susceptible to OS due to the involvement of melanin synthesis and UV radiation in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress influences melanoma immunity, the metastatic potential of melanoma cells and their resistance to therapy. In malignant melanocytes, the process of melanogenesis is frequently upregulated, suggesting possible therapeutic targets. This review describes the role of OS in melanin synthesis in melanocytes and explains how it affects melanoma cells. Better knowledge about the mechanisms involved in cancer progression may result in the development of better treatment strategies.
黑色素瘤是最具侵袭性的皮肤癌，全球发病率不断上升，且迄今为止在转移阶段尚无有效治愈方法。近年来，人们对黑色素瘤发病机制中涉及的几种途径和过程进行了广泛探索。新出现的证据表明，氧化应激（OS）与黑色素合成及黑色素瘤形成密切相关。由于黑色素合成和紫外线辐射参与活性氧的产生，黑色素瘤对氧化应激尤为敏感。氧化应激会影响黑色素瘤的免疫、黑色素瘤细胞的转移潜能及其对治疗的抗性。在恶性黑素细胞中，黑色素生成过程常常上调，这提示了可能的治疗靶点。本综述描述了氧化应激在黑素细胞黑色素合成中的作用，并解释了其如何影响黑色素瘤细胞。对癌症进展相关机制有更深入的了解可能会带来更好的治疗策略。
