Li Pomi Federica, Gammeri Luca, Borgia Francesco, Di Gioacchino Mario, Gangemi Sebastiano
Department of Precision Medicine in Medical, Surgical and Critical Care (Me.Pre.C.C.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 May 7;14(5):555. doi: 10.3390/antiox14050555.
Lipid peroxidation (LPO) is a biochemical process through which lipids are subjected to a peroxidation reaction in the presence of free radicals. The process can cause alterations in biological membranes and the formation of substances harmful to the body that can form aggregates with proteins and nucleic acids. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) are the main products of LPO. These compounds have cytotoxic and genotoxic properties and contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases. This research focuses on the correlation between LPO and skin diseases. For some skin diseases, such as psoriasis, vitiligo, and alopecia, LPO products have been shown to have a clear role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Lipid aldehydic products like MDA and 4-HNE can enhance inflammation by stimulating pro-inflammatory genes and producing cytokines. Furthermore, these products can stimulate cell death and increase oxidative stress. For other diseases (atopic dermatitis, urticaria, pemphigus, and melanoma), the role of LPO is unclear, even if the levels of LPO biomarkers are elevated in proportion to the severity of the disease. LPO can also be exploited to counteract the proliferation of neoplastic cells. Therefore, enhancing LPO would play an adjuvant role in the therapy of neoplastic diseases such as melanoma. In particular, the therapeutic implication resulting from the role of LPO products in the cytotoxicity induced by photodynamic therapy used for the adjuvant treatment of melanoma could be of interest in the future.
脂质过氧化（LPO）是一个生化过程，在此过程中脂质在自由基存在的情况下会发生过氧化反应。该过程可导致生物膜发生改变，并形成对身体有害的物质，这些物质可与蛋白质和核酸形成聚集体。丙二醛（MDA）和4-羟基壬烯醛（4-HNE）是LPO的主要产物。这些化合物具有细胞毒性和遗传毒性，并促成各种疾病的发病机制。本研究聚焦于LPO与皮肤病之间的关联。对于某些皮肤病，如银屑病、白癜风和脱发，LPO产物已被证明在疾病发病机制中具有明确作用。像MDA和4-HNE这样的脂质醛类产物可通过刺激促炎基因和产生细胞因子来增强炎症。此外，这些产物可刺激细胞死亡并增加氧化应激。对于其他疾病（特应性皮炎、荨麻疹、天疱疮和黑色素瘤），LPO的作用尚不清楚，即便LPO生物标志物的水平与疾病严重程度成比例升高。LPO还可被用于对抗肿瘤细胞的增殖。因此，增强LPO在黑色素瘤等肿瘤性疾病的治疗中可起到辅助作用。特别是，LPO产物在用于黑色素瘤辅助治疗的光动力疗法诱导的细胞毒性中的作用所产生的治疗意义，未来可能会受到关注。
