State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(28):9315-9329. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2067118. Epub 2022 May 4.
Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized by liver, then gut microbes embellish primary BAs into secondary BAs with diverse and biological functions. Over the past few decades, amounts of evidences demonstrated the importance of gut microbes in BA metabolism. There is also significant evidence that BAs are regarded as cell signals in gut-liver, gut-brain, and gut-testis axis. Moreover, the interaction between BAs and gut microbes plays a key role not only in the absorption and metabolism of nutrients, but the regulation of immune function. Herein, we collected the major information of the BA metabolism-related bacteria, nutrients, and cell signals, focused on the possible molecular mechanisms by "Microbes-Bile acids" crosstalk, highlighted the gut-liver, gut-brain, and gut-testis axis, and discussed the possibility and application of the regulation of BA metabolism by nutrients.
胆汁酸（BAs）在肝脏中合成，然后肠道微生物将初级胆汁酸修饰为具有多种生物学功能的次级胆汁酸。在过去的几十年中，大量证据表明肠道微生物在 BA 代谢中的重要性。也有大量证据表明，BA 被视为肠-肝、肠-脑和肠-睾丸轴中的细胞信号。此外，BA 与肠道微生物之间的相互作用不仅在营养物质的吸收和代谢中起着关键作用，而且在免疫功能的调节中也起着关键作用。在这里，我们收集了与 BA 代谢相关的细菌、营养物质和细胞信号的主要信息，重点讨论了“微生物-胆汁酸”相互作用的可能分子机制，强调了肠-肝、肠-脑和肠-睾丸轴，并讨论了营养物质调节 BA 代谢的可能性和应用。
