Espinosa-Salinas Isabel, Colmenarejo Gonzalo, Fernández-Díaz Cristina M, Gómez de Cedrón Marta, Martinez J Alfredo, Reglero Guillermo, Ramírez de Molina Ana
IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
Center for Nutrition Research (CIN), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 4;12(1):7247. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-10923-4.
The pandemic burden caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus constitutes a global public health emergency. Increasing understanding about predisposing factors to infection and severity is now a priority. Genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors can play a crucial role in the course and clinical outcome of COVID-19. We aimed to investigate the putative relationship between genetic factors associated to obesity, metabolism and lifestyle, and the presence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A total of 249 volunteers (178 women and 71 men, with mean and ± SD age of 49 ± 11 years) characterized for dietary, lifestyle habits and anthropometry, were studied for presence and severity of COVID-19 infection, and genotyped for 26 genetic variants related to obesity, lipid profile, inflammation, and biorhythm patterns. A statistically significant association was found concerning a protective effect of APOE rs7412 against SARS-CoV-2 infection (p = 0.039; OR 0.216; CI 0.084, 0.557) after correction for multiple comparisons. This protective effect was also ascribed to the APOɛ2 allele (p = 0.001; OR 0.207; CI 0.0796, 0.538). The genetic variant rs7412 resulting in ApoE2, genetic determinant of lipid and lipoprotein levels, could play a significant role protecting against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引发的大流行负担构成了全球突发公共卫生事件。目前，加深对感染及严重程度的易感因素的了解已成为当务之急。遗传、代谢和环境因素在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的病程和临床结局中可能起关键作用。我们旨在研究与肥胖、代谢和生活方式相关的遗传因素与SARS-CoV-2感染的存在及严重程度之间的假定关系。对总共249名志愿者（178名女性和71名男性，平均年龄±标准差为49±11岁）进行了饮食、生活习惯和人体测量学特征分析，研究其COVID-19感染的存在及严重程度，并对与肥胖、血脂谱、炎症和生物节律模式相关的26个基因变异进行基因分型。在进行多重比较校正后，发现载脂蛋白E（APOE）rs7412对SARS-CoV-2感染具有保护作用，差异具有统计学意义（p = 0.039；比值比[OR]0.216；置信区间[CI]0.084，0.557）。这种保护作用也归因于APOɛ2等位基因（p = 0.001；OR 0.207；CI 0.0796，0.538）。导致ApoE2的基因变异rs7412是脂质和脂蛋白水平的遗传决定因素，可能在预防SARS-CoV-2感染方面发挥重要作用。
