Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Sanabad Street, Mashhad, 91386-15916, Iran.
Arch Sex Behav. 2022 May;51(4):1881-1889. doi: 10.1007/s10508-021-02250-y. Epub 2022 May 5.
Gender dysphoria (GD) is defined as a persistent and distressful incongruence between one's gender identity and one's at-birth-assigned sex. Sex reassignment has been religiously accepted for transgender individuals in postrevolutionary Iran since 1987; however, very little is known about how many individuals seek and receive such treatment annually. This study provides the first nationwide effort to assess the prevalence of GD in Iran as a function of diagnosis. The medical records of all transgender individuals referred to the Iranian Legal Medicine Organization between March 2012 and March 2017 were reviewed. All individuals diagnosed with GD were contacted. A total of 839 medical records meeting study criteria were received and evaluated. The prevalence of transgender individuals was estimated to be 1.46 per 100,000 Iranians with a transwoman (TW)/ transman (TM) ratio of 1:2. The mean age of individuals with GD at the time of referral was 25.22 (SD = 6.25) years for TW and 25.51 (SD = 5.66) years for TM. The findings are twofold. First, gender dysphoria is less prevalent in Iran than has been reported in Western countries. Second, the sex ratio is skewed toward at-birth-assigned females, which differs from what has been reported in Western countries. These findings have been interpreted in light of Iran's legal system, which is based on Islamic penal codes. These findings are of utmost importance for both health providers and legislators, as it can illustrate a more accurate picture of the transgender population in Iran.
性别焦虑症（GD）被定义为一个人在出生时被分配的性别与其性别认同之间存在持续的、令人痛苦的不和谐。自 1987 年以来，伊朗革命后宗教上就接受了跨性别者的性别重置；然而，对于每年有多少人寻求和接受这种治疗，人们知之甚少。本研究首次对伊朗作为一个诊断功能的 GD 流行率进行了全国性评估。回顾了 2012 年 3 月至 2017 年 3 月间所有转介到伊朗法医组织的跨性别者的医疗记录。联系了所有被诊断为 GD 的人。共收到并评估了 839 份符合研究标准的医疗记录。跨性别者的患病率估计为每 10 万伊朗人中有 1.46 人，跨女性（TW）/跨男性（TM）比例为 1:2。GD 患者转诊时的平均年龄 TW 为 25.22 岁（SD = 6.25），TM 为 25.51 岁（SD = 5.66）。研究结果有两点。首先，GD 在伊朗的流行率低于西方国家的报告。其次，性别比例偏向于出生时分配的女性，这与西方国家的报告不同。这些发现是基于伊朗的法律体系，该体系基于伊斯兰刑法典，因此进行了解释。这些发现对医疗服务提供者和立法者都至关重要，因为它可以说明伊朗跨性别者人口的更准确情况。
