Yang Xiaozhao Y, Vuolo Michael C, Wu Dan
Department of Sociology and Social Work, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Sociology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Health Sociol Rev. 2022 Nov;31(3):309-325. doi: 10.1080/14461242.2022.2064225. Epub 2022 May 5.
The widespread exchange of tobacco cigarettes as a gift in some societies normalises the symbolic desirability of tobacco products and promotes smoking. Little is known about how and why people exchange toxic substances as gifts. This study argues two key factors involved in social exchange processes - reciprocity and social capital - can explain gift cigarette circulation. We conducted a multistage survey among household heads from China and measured the quantity and monetary values of outgoing and incoming gift cigarettes circulated by each household and measured social capital in three dimensions: collective participation, social ties, and trust. Ordinary Least Square regressions showed that reciprocity is strongly and significantly associated with both the value and quantity of gift cigarettes. All three dimensions of social capital are varyingly associated with gifting cigarettes. Income and higher classes are also associated with greater quantity and value of received cigarettes. This study broadens the phenomenon of gifting cigarettes to the more universal patterns of reciprocity and social capital, wherein better social capital and socioeconomic position ironically lead to a higher risk of tobacco use and endanger health. We suggest policymakers target the endemic social need for gift exchange in China's informal economy.
在一些社会中，香烟作为礼物广泛交换，这使烟草制品在象征意义上的吸引力变得正常化，并促进了吸烟行为。人们对为何以及如何将有毒物质作为礼物进行交换知之甚少。本研究认为，社会交换过程中涉及的两个关键因素——互惠和社会资本——可以解释礼品香烟的流通情况。我们对中国的户主进行了多阶段调查，测量了每个家庭流通的 outgoing 和 incoming 礼品香烟的数量和货币价值，并从集体参与、社会关系和信任三个维度测量了社会资本。普通最小二乘法回归显示，互惠与礼品香烟的价值和数量都密切且显著相关。社会资本的所有三个维度与赠送香烟的关联各不相同。收入和较高阶层也与收到香烟的数量和价值增加有关。本研究将赠送香烟的现象扩展到更普遍的互惠和社会资本模式，其中具有讽刺意味的是，更好的社会资本和社会经济地位会导致更高的烟草使用风险并危害健康。我们建议政策制定者针对中国非正规经济中礼品交换这种普遍存在的社会需求采取措施。
原文中“outgoing and incoming”不太明确具体所指，这里暂按字面翻译为“ outgoing 和 incoming” ，可能需要结合更多背景信息准确理解其含义。
