Sacco M A, Zibetti A, Bonetta C F, Scalise C, Abenavoli L, Guarna F, Gratteri S, Ricci P, Aquila I
Legal Medicine Institute, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro.
Toxicol Rep. 2022 Apr 15;9:905-913. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.04.005. eCollection 2022.
Kambo is the name of a natural substance derived from the glandular secretions of the amphibian , a species native to regions in South America. The communities living in these areas administer the substance generally transdermally during rituals for religious-purifying purposes, producing small skin burns. The scientific literature has reported some cases of intoxication following the use of Kambo but this aspect is still poorly understood. In fact, no shared therapy protocols exist for these events nor any real legislation on Kambo. The purpose of this work was to examine all cases of acute intoxication resulting from the administration of Kambo and published over the last 10 years, illustrating clinical signs, laboratory findings, instrumental tests, and therapy. The several cases identified in our review confirm that acute Kambo intoxication can occur, with serious and life-threatening effects. We developed a protocol aimed at the early diagnosis of cases of suspected acute intoxication by creating a treatment algorithm. The study aims to investigate the pathophysiology of these events in humans, proposing a protocol for the diagnosis and treatment of these cases that can be used by healthcare professionals.
卡姆波是一种源自两栖动物腺体分泌物的天然物质的名称，该两栖动物原产于南美洲部分地区。生活在这些地区的社区通常在宗教净化仪式期间通过皮肤给药这种物质，会造成小面积皮肤灼伤。科学文献报道了一些使用卡姆波后中毒的案例，但这方面仍了解甚少。事实上，针对这些情况没有共享的治疗方案，也没有关于卡姆波的实际立法。这项工作的目的是研究过去10年里发表的所有因使用卡姆波导致急性中毒的案例，阐述临床症状、实验室检查结果、器械检查及治疗情况。我们综述中确定的几例案例证实，急性卡姆波中毒可能发生，会产生严重且危及生命的影响。我们通过创建一种治疗算法，制定了一个旨在早期诊断疑似急性中毒病例的方案。该研究旨在调查这些事件在人类中的病理生理学，提出一种可供医护人员使用的这些病例的诊断和治疗方案。
