Müller Frank, Heinemann Stephanie, Hummers Eva, Noack Eva Maria, Heesen Gloria, Dopfer-Jablonka Alexandra, Mikuteit Marie, Niewolik Jacqueline, Steffens Sandra, Schröder Dominik
Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073, Göttingen, Deutschland.
Klinik für Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland.
Z Rheumatol. 2023 May;82(4):342-354. doi: 10.1007/s00393-022-01213-5. Epub 2022 May 6.
Immunocompromised people are less likely to be vaccinated, despite an increased benefit of many vaccinations in terms of benefit-risk assessment, including the vaccines against SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19). Attitudes, expectations, and experiences with previous vaccinations influence the decision to get vaccinated.
To explore the attitudes of immunocompromised people towards vaccinations in general and COVID-19 vaccination in particular and their experiences with COVID-19 vaccinations.
As part of the CoCo Immune study, immunocompromised participants were surveyed in the spring and summer of 2021 (1 November 2021-7 September 2021) using questionnaires. Initially, they were asked about their expectations concerning a COVID-19 vaccination and followed up about their experience after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, sociodemographic data, general attitudes toward vaccinations and experiences with previous vaccinations were collected. Analysis was performed using descriptive and bivariate statistics.
The 243 participants mostly approved vaccinations and expected the COVID-19 vaccination to be effective and well-tolerated. Women were more concerned about the safety of vaccinations and were more often worried about side effects. Older persons felt better informed than younger persons. Participants who reported subjective side effects of previous vaccinations were more skeptical about vaccinations as well as the government institutions that recommend vaccinations. They less often agreed with the statement "in retrospect, the COVID-19 vaccination has been harmless for me so far".
The participants mostly expressed a positive attitude and anticipation towards COVID-19 vaccinations; however, the age and sex differences found suggest that there are different information needs which should be addressed when educating individuals about vaccinations or designing vaccination campaigns.
免疫功能低下的人群接种疫苗的可能性较小，尽管从获益风险评估来看，许多疫苗（包括针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2，即新冠病毒）的疫苗）对他们有更大益处。对既往疫苗接种的态度、期望和经历会影响接种疫苗的决定。
探讨免疫功能低下人群对一般疫苗接种尤其是新冠疫苗接种的态度，以及他们接种新冠疫苗的经历。
作为CoCo免疫研究的一部分，2021年春季和夏季（2021年11月1日至9月7日）使用问卷对免疫功能低下的参与者进行了调查。首先询问他们对新冠疫苗接种的期望，之后随访他们接种新冠疫苗后的经历。此外，收集了社会人口统计学数据、对疫苗接种的总体态度以及既往疫苗接种经历。采用描述性和双变量统计进行分析。
243名参与者大多认可疫苗接种，并期望新冠疫苗接种有效且耐受性良好。女性更担心疫苗接种的安全性，也更常担心副作用。老年人感觉比年轻人了解得更多。报告既往疫苗接种有主观副作用的参与者对疫苗接种以及推荐疫苗接种的政府机构更为怀疑。他们较少同意“回顾来看，到目前为止新冠疫苗接种对我没有危害”这一说法。
参与者大多对新冠疫苗接种表达了积极态度和期待；然而，发现的年龄和性别差异表明，在对个体进行疫苗接种教育或设计疫苗接种活动时，存在不同的信息需求，应予以关注。
