Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.
J Infect Dis. 2022 Dec 28;227(1):151-160. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac176.
MuV caused three epidemic waves in Spain since genotype G emerged in 2005, despite high vaccination coverage. SH gene sequencing according to WHO protocols allowed the identification of seven relevant variants and 88 haplotypes. While the originally imported MuVi/Sheffield.GBR/1.05/-variant prevailed during the first two waves, it was subsequently replaced by other variants originated by either local evolution or importation, according to the additional analysis of hypervariable NCRs. The time of emergence of the MRCA of each MuV variant clade was concordant with the data of the earliest sequence. The analysis of Shannon entropy showed an accumulation of variability on six particular positions as the cause of the increase on the number of circulating SH variants. Consequently, SH gene sequencing needs to be complemented with other more variable markers for mumps surveillance immediately after the emergence of a new genotype, but the subsequent emergence of new SH variants turns it unnecessary.
MuV 自 2005 年基因型 G 出现以来，在高疫苗接种率的情况下引发了西班牙的三次流行浪潮。根据世卫组织的协议对 SH 基因进行测序，确定了七个相关变体和 88 个单倍型。在最初输入的 MuVi/Sheffield.GBR/1.05/-变体在头两个浪潮中占主导地位之后，根据对高变区 NCR 的额外分析，它随后被当地进化或输入产生的其他变体所取代。每个 MuV 变体分支的 MRCA 的出现时间与最早序列的数据一致。香农熵分析表明，六个特定位置的变异性积累是循环 SH 变体数量增加的原因。因此，在新基因型出现后，需要立即用其他更具变异性的标记来补充 SH 基因测序，以进行腮腺炎监测，但随后新的 SH 变体的出现使这种做法变得不必要。
