Institute of Biological Information Processing: Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße 1, 52428, Jülich, Germany.
Faculty 1, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52062, Aachen, Germany.
Small. 2022 Jun;18(22):e2200053. doi: 10.1002/smll.202200053. Epub 2022 May 8.
The further development of neurochips requires high-density and high-resolution recordings that also allow neuronal signals to be observed over a long period of time. Expanding fields of network neuroscience and neuromorphic engineering demand the multiparallel and direct estimations of synaptic weights, and the key objective is to construct a device that also records subthreshold events. Recently, 3D nanostructures with a high aspect ratio have become a particularly suitable interface between neurons and electronic devices, since the excellent mechanical coupling to the neuronal cell membrane allows very high signal-to-noise ratio recordings. In the light of an increasing demand for a stable, noninvasive and long-term recording at subthreshold resolution, a combination of vertical nanostraws with nanocavities is presented. These structures provide a spontaneous tight coupling with rat cortical neurons, resulting in high amplitude sensitivity and postsynaptic resolution capability, as directly confirmed by combined patch-clamp and microelectrode array measurements.
神经芯片的进一步发展需要高密度和高分辨率的记录，以便能够长时间观察神经元信号。扩展网络神经科学和神经形态工程领域需要对突触权重进行多并行和直接估计，关键目标是构建一种也能记录亚阈值事件的设备。最近，具有高纵横比的 3D 纳米结构已成为神经元和电子设备之间特别合适的接口，因为与神经元细胞膜的优异机械耦合允许进行非常高的信噪比记录。鉴于对亚阈值分辨率下稳定、非侵入性和长期记录的需求不断增加，提出了一种垂直纳米线与纳米腔的组合。这些结构与大鼠皮质神经元自发地紧密耦合，导致高幅度灵敏度和突触后分辨率能力，这一点直接通过联合膜片钳和微电极阵列测量得到证实。
